Test Date: __________________________
Chemistry Test Study Guide Answers
Vocab
Soluble- something that can dissolve into water or a solution
Insoluble- something that cannot dissolve into water or a solution
Heterogeneous- a solution that contains two phases…example, solid ice
cubes in liquid water
Homogeneous- a solution that contains only one phase…example, water
and liquid food coloring
Compound- when two elements are combined together
Element- cannot be broken down into anything smaller….example,
hydrogen, carbon, anything on the periodic table
Solute- the part that is dissolved into a solution...example, ice tea mix is
the solute (when mixed with water)
Solvent- the part of the solution where the solute dissolves…example,
water is a solute
Proton- the positive charged particle of an atom…located in the nucleus
Neutron- the neutral particle of an atom, no charge, located in the
nucleus
Electron- negatively charged particle of atom, located on outer later of
atom...not in the nucleus!
Solution- a well-mixed mixture
Suspension- a solution where the solid particles leave the liquid and
sink to the bottom of the container…example, liquid medicine, chocolate
syrup in chocolate milk
Physical and Chemical Changes
What is a physical change?
A reversible reaction can change back to what it looked like
before the reaction. Change how something looks, but not what
compound it is made up of. For example, ice melting is a physical change
because it is still water, just in a different form.
What is a chemical change?
An irreversible reactioncannot be changed back to what it was
before. You are making a new compound or solution. For example, hard
boiling an egg is a chemical change. You cannot un hard boil an egg. The
egg was cooked and new compounds were made. Also, baking cookies.
You have gooey cookie dough before, then bake it, then have cooked
cookies after. This is a chemical change because you cannot unbake
those cookies to get back the gooey cookie dough.
What is the difference between the two?
See above.
Example Questions: Label Physical or Chemical Change
1) Scrambling an Egg physical
2) Cooking an Egg chemical
3) Making a new compound chemical
4) Melting Ice to make water physical
The Periodic Table
How are elements organized?
Elements are organized into families. The families (and
groupscolumns) have similar chemical properties. They act alike,
even though each element is different in its own way. Elements are put
in order of their atomic mass (how much space it takes up/weighs) and
their atomic number (numbers go in order from left to right….like
reading a book)
What is a metal?
A metal is a shiny object. Metals can be rolled into sheets or wires
(very moldable). They can also make electricity and heat.
What is a non-metal?
A non-metal is very bull and brittle (easily breakable). The cannot
make heat or electricity.
Be able to draw and label an atom: protons, neutrons, electrons
See science notebook for worksheet “Carbon Atom Model”.
Should be able to tell me that the electrons are also on the outside
of the shell and that the protons and neutrons are in the nucleus (in the
middle of the atom).
How do you figure out an elements protons, neutrons, and electrons?
(Math Challengesee worksheet)
Be able to see element given and identify the atomic number,
mass, number of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
Protons=atomic mass
Electrons= atomic mass
Neutrons= atomic mass – atomic number