Unit 5 Test Study Guide
Vocabulary
Birth rate (b)
r-strategists/r-selected species
Death rate (d)
K-strategists/K-selected species
Emigration (e)
Type I survivorship curve
Immigration (i)
Type II survivorship curve
Growth rate (r)
Type III survivorship curve
Exponential growth
carrying capacity
Logistic growth
limiting factors
Linear growth
distribution patterns: clumped, uniform, random
Age structure diagram/population pyramid
Symbiosis
Population density
Population
Predation
Density-dependent factors
Mutualism
Parasitism
Density-independent factors Commensalism
Competition
Crude birth rate
Total fertility rate
Replacement rate
Pronatalist forces
Antinatalist forces
Demographic transition
Pre-industrial
Early transitional
Late transitional
Industrial
Literacy & Per Capita Income
Affluence
Concepts, Review Questions & Practice Population Math Problems
Know these (approximate) numbers…
- How many people live in the world today?
- How many people live in poverty?
- What is the current rate of world population growth?
- What is the demographic constant used to calculate population doubling time?
- What percent of the world’s wealth is controlled by developed and developing countries respectively?
- What proportion of the human population lives in developing countries?
1. Countries with __________________ policies seek to limit population growth by discouraging large families.
a. They may do this through negative sanctions (fines and forced adoptions for families exceeding the legal
limits), or positive sanctions (higher paying jobs, free education for your legal-sized family members)
2. Distinguish between age-structure diagrams representing several different populations. Explain how the shape
of each diagram indicates characteristics of the population.
3. How do population growth rates in developed and developing nations differ? Explain these differences.
4. Write the equation that relates population change to birth rate, death rate, emigration rate, and immigration
rate.
5. Describe some of the benefits resulting from the empowerment of women in developing nations.
6. Explain the process that results in a demographic transition and why it is a positive or negative change to a
countries population.
7. Trace the human population explosion and describe plausible reasons for the explosion.
8. Describe and interpret survivorship curves
a. Give examples of each type (I, II, III) and identify which are considered r-strategists and which are Kstrategists.
9. Distinguish among linear, exponential, and logistic growth
a. Recognize and be able to apply the equations for these types of growth
b. interpret graphs
c. give examples of such growth
d. describe how population growth may be limited
i. distinguish density dependent and density independent factors
10. Define or otherwise explain: carrying capacity, limiting resources/factors.
Given the following information, answer questions 1-3. Schuhlsville is an island of 5000 square miles off the coast of
Jabooty. There are currently 250,000 inhabitants of the island. Last year, there were 12,000 new children born (all cute
and very smart) and 10,000 people were recorded as deceased (mostly drunkards and hooligans).
1. What is the current population density and what do you expect will happen to the density as time goes on?
2. What are the birth and death rates?
3. What stage in the demographic transition model do the birth and death rates suggest for this society?
*** More math will be posted later this week!!! ***