Phuc Nguyen
Exam essay #2
Peter Stinger believes that most justifications for animal research rely on speciesism. Specieism
involves assigning different values, and rights based on the species membership. It is the idea that being
human is a reason for human animals to have greater moral rights than non human animals. For
speciesism is similar to sexism and racism. When a member belong to a certain group they feel like they
are more superior, and more important than the others groups. He believes that we as human beings
show bias and prejudice in favor of the interests of members of one's own species and against those of
members of other species. We put our species on top of other species because we have the ability for
cognitive thinking and reasoning. We are a much higher being than animals so it is easier to do animal
research than human research. We refuse to acknowledge any animal's rights due to the fact that we
area superior beings. We don't want to hurt our put our species in danger when there are other species
that are inferior to us that we can use for research. "If possessing a higher degree of intelligence does
notentitle on human to use another for his own ends, how can it entitle humans to exploit nonhuman?"
Peter Singer: "All Animal Are Equal".Speciesism is the answer and the main reason why we use animals
for research rather than human. Society expect us to put our species in front of others species, for it is
embedded into our DNA. We feel that we are more important than animals, we just can't deny that.
Peter Stinger believes that equality is based on equal consideration. Stinger see that equality does not
always mean equal rights. The point of this is to show that claiming cats aren't equal because they don't
know what voting means and therefore don't have a right to vote doesn't lead one to find they are
therefore not deserving of equal consideration. He also shows how equality is a moral idea and not an
assertion of fact for equality does not base on intelligence moral capacity, physical strength, or similar
matters of fact. Peter Stinger believes that speciesism violates the principle of equal consideration of
interests. For Singer believes that there may be differences between human and animal but animal can
suffer just like human so animals should have the same equality as us. "The principle of quality requires
that its suffering be counted equally with the like suffering" Peter Singer "All Animal Are Equal". Any
animals experience pain and pleasure are moral consideration. For some animals have emotion and can
feel just like human, so they should have respect. We should take that into account when doing animal
research to minimize the pain the animals have to go through. For Singer believes that capacity for
suffering is a prerequisite for rights.