AFAMS Master Lesson Plan (MLP)
Nursing Program
Introduction to Pediatric Respiratory Conditions
Instructor
Serial/Semester
Location
Start/Finish Time
Date
LESSON OBJECTIVE
Performance: To gain an understanding of pediatric respiratory conditions.
Conditions:
The student will be presented a powerpoint presentation by the instructor and will have
all necessary references made available to him/her.
Standard:
1.
Given a scenario of a pediatric patient with a respiratory disorderby correctly
responding to written, oral and experiential assessment measures.
TEACHING POINTS
1. Describe the development of the respiratory
tract.
2. Identify the differences in the respiratory tract
of the child and the adult, including the
significance of those differences.
3. Identify diagnostic tests and procedures used
to diagnose respiratory disorders in a child.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8
9.
10.
INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY
Interactive Lecture
Method:
Instructor
Media:
Classroom
Environment:
OTHER LESSON SPECIFICATIONS
Knowledge Lesson
Type of Lesson:
1/50
Ratio:
Resources:
.
End of Lesson Test: None
Minutes
Instructional Time: 48
Reference(s):
ISBN 0-7216-9334-2
Introduction to Maternity & Pediatric Nursing, 4th
Edition
01 Jan 2003
LESSON PLAN APPROVAL
Signature of Standards Officer
Date
AFAMS Master Lesson Plan (MLP)
Nursing Program
Introduction to Pediatric Respiratory Conditions
INTRODUCTION
Allocated Time:
Review:
5 Minutes
You have had previous anatomy and physiology lectures in your combat medic
training, this lecture will build upon prior instruction.
Objective:
To discuss/describe topics related to the nursing process.
Importance:
Nurses work in various health care settings so it is important to gain an
understanding of this subject as it will apply to your clinical practice.
Fit:
The development of the respiratory tract occurs in an orderly manner in the
fetus. Knowledge of respiratory development and differences between the
adult and child are essential to provide appropriate nursing care. Additionally,
knowledge of diagnostic tests and procedures related to respiratory disorders is
useful in planning care for a child with a respiratory disorder.
Approach:
You will be presented the subject in lecture format and will be tested using a
written exam at a later date.
Control Statement:
If you have any questions during the lesson please feel free to ask.
BODY
1. Teaching Point: Describe the development of the respiratory tract.
Minutes
Allocated Time:
Introduction:
Learner Participation:
Knowledge Lesson Please follow along with your hand outs and take notes.
Skill Lesson
Powerpoint presentation with associated handouts.
Learning Support:
a. Development in utero is orderly and predictable.
b. At 2-4 weeks- laryngotracheal groove forms.
c. At 4 weeks- septum develops to separate the trachea and esophagus.
d. At 7th week- diaphragm develops and separates chest cavity from abdomen.
e. Between 24-28 weeks- alveoli and capillaries form.
f. At 24th week- alveoli produce surfactant, which prevents alveoli from collapsing with respirations.
g. Although spontaneous respiration occurs in the fetus and can be observed via ultrasound, gas exchange
continues through the placenta.
h. At about 35 weeks the lecithin/sphingomyelin (components of surfactant) ratio is 2:1. This ratio can be
determined by analyzing amniotic fluid obtained via amniocentesis. The L/S ratio is one method used to
determine the lung maturity of the fetus and survivability outside the womb.
1
AFAMS Master Lesson Plan (MLP)
Nursing Program
Introduction to Pediatric Respiratory Conditions
Knowledge Lesson:
Question:
Answer:
Check on Learning
In a knowledge lesson, pose questions to the class.
Does gas exchange occur in fetal lungs?
No.
Skill Lesson:
In a skill lesson, provide practice and watch students perform a skill.
2. Teaching Point: Identify the differences in the respiratory tract of the child and the adult, including
the significance of those differences.
Minutes
Allocated Time:
Introduction:
Learner Participation:
Knowledge Lesson Please follow along with your hand outs and take notes.
Skill Lesson
Powerpoint presentation with associated handouts.
Learning Support:
a. See Fig. 25-1 and Table 25-1, Leifer.
b. Respiratory rate and oxygen consumption is higher in children.
c. Children use diaphragm and abdominal muscles more than intercostal muscles as compared to an
adult.
d. Diameter of airway in children is smaller which increases risk of obstruction.
e. Mucous membranes of children are highly vascular which increases susceptibility to trauma, edema
and spasm.
f. See book for more examples and the significance of these differences.
Knowledge Lesson:
Question:
Answer:
Skill Lesson:
Check on Learning
In a knowledge lesson, pose questions to the class.
When comparing the vital signs of an adult and a child, what type of difference
would you expect in the respiratory tract.
The respiratory rate of the child would be higher than the adult.
In a skill lesson, provide practice and watch students perform a skill.
3. Teaching Point: Identify diagnostic tests and procedures used to diagnose respiratory disorders in a
child.
Minutes
Allocated Time:
Introduction:
Learner Participation:
2
AFAMS Master Lesson Plan (MLP)
Nursing Program
Introduction to Pediatric Respiratory Conditions
Knowledge Lesson
Skill Lesson
Learning Support:
Please follow along with your hand outs and take notes.
Powerpoint presentation with associated handouts.
a. Inspection, percussion and auscultation done by a nurse provide valuable diagnostic data.
b. Cultures
(1) Throat and nasopharyngeal cultures.
(2) Nurse may be responsible for preparation of the child and/or obtaining cultures.
c. Bronchoscopy, lung biopsy and pulmonary function tests.
(1) Nurse responsible to prepare child for procedures.
(2) Nurse may be requested to assist with procedures within scope of practice.
d. Arterial blood gases and pulse oximetry.
(1) Nursing responsibility to obtain, document, and report pulse oximetry readings.
(2) Nurses can obtain blood gases within their scope of practice. May be responsible for taking sample
to laboratory or respiratory therapy department.
e. Various radiographic exams.
(1) Nursing responsibility to prepare child for exam.
(2) May be requested to assist within scope of practice.
Knowledge Lesson:
Question:
Answer:
Skill Lesson:
3
Check on Learning
In a knowledge lesson, pose questions to the class.
What are some nursing responsibilities related to diagnostic tests and
procedures?
Preparing child for exams, collecting specimens, assisting with procedures.
In a skill lesson, provide practice and watch students perform a skill.
AFAMS Master Lesson Plan (MLP)
Nursing Program
Introduction to Pediatric Respiratory Conditions
END OF LESSON TEST
Allocated Time:
Instructions:
Test Questions or
Performance
Expected:
Test Key:
0 Minutes
You will be tested on this subject at a later date.
You will be expected to review and study the material taught in this session in
order to pass the associated written test. If you have difficulty with the material
please see me so we can review together.
None.
CONCLUSION
Allocated Time:
Summary:
5 Minutes
Review and re-emphasize the difficult Teaching Points below.
1.
2.
3.
Describe the development of the respiratory tract.
Identify the differences in the respiratory tract of the child and the
adult, including the significance of those differences.
Identify diagnostic tests and procedures used to diagnose respiratory
disorders in a child.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8
9.
10.
Closing Statement:
Nurses work in various health care settings so it is important to gain an
understanding of this subject as it will apply to your clinical practice.
Re-motivating
Statement:
The development of the respiratory tract occurs in an orderly manner in the
fetus. Knowledge of respiratory development and differences between the
adult and child are essential to provide appropriate nursing care. Additionally,
knowledge of diagnostic tests and procedures related to respiratory disorders is
useful in planning care for a child with a respiratory disorder.
4