Types of Rocks
Sedimentary
Igneous
Metamorphic
Sedimentary Rock
• Write the term and what you believe it to
mean
Sedimentary
• Contains sediments
• Sediments can include:
– mud, sand, pebbles, shells, bones, leaves, stems
and other remains of living things
Rock pieces!
This is breccia, a type of sedimentary
rock. See the “pieces” in the rock.
These are pieces of broken rocks. These
pieces get “cemented” my minerals.
http://geology.com/rocks/sedimentary-rocks.shtml
This is sandstone. It is made
of small, sand sized
weathered rock.
http://geology.com/rocks/sedimentary-rocks.shtml
This is coal. This is an “organic”
sedimentary rock. It is made from dead
plants. Thick layers of dead plants form,
and the pressure compacts it into a rock.
http://geology.com/rocks/sedimentary-rocks.shtml
What do you think is the
definition for sedimentary rock?
Sedimentary Rock
Definition
• Type of rock formed by compacting and
cementing of sediments
• Draw a picture to help you remember the
definition and rate your level of understanding
Igneous Rock
• Write the term and what you believe it to
mean
Igneous
• These are made from molten rock
• Some form underground and are called
“intrusive igneous rocks”
• Some form above ground and are called
“extrusive igneous rocks”
This is basalt. It is mostly made of the
minerals plagioclase and pyroxene. It
commonly forms as an extrusive rock
such as a lava flow.
http://geology.com/rocks/igneous-rocks.shtml
This is pumice. It forms after a very fast solidification
of the melt (it goes from a liquid to a solid quickly!) It
has holes because gas was trapped in the melt when it
became a solid.
http://geology.com/rocks/igneous-rocks.shtml
This is pegmatite. It is an intrusive igneous rock. It
forms near the margins of a magma chamber and
contains rare minerals not found in other parts of
the magma chamber.
http://geology.com/rocks/igneous-rocks.shtml
What do you think is the
definition for igneous rock?
Igneous Rock
Definition
• Type of rock made when molten (liquid) rock
cools
• Draw a picture to help you remember the
definition and rate your level of understanding
Metamorphic Rock
• Write the term and what you believe it to
mean
Metamorphic
• Extreme heat, pressure, and chemical process
alter the mineralogy, texture, and chemical
composition of rocks
• There are foliated metamorphic rocks which
have a banded appearance and are created by
heat and pressure
• Non-foliated metamorphic rocks are not
banded
This is gneiss. It is a foliated metamorphic rock
that is made up of granular mineral grains. It
usually has quartz and feldspar minerals.
http://geology.com/rocks/metamorphic-rocks.shtml
This is marble. It is a non-foliated
metamorphic rock that is a metamorphism
of limestone.
http://geology.com/rocks/metamorphic-rocks.shtml
This is schist. It is a foliated metamorphic rock.
It contains a lot of mica which allows it to split
into thin pieces.
http://geology.com/rocks/metamorphic-rocks.shtml
What do you think is the
definition for metamorphic rock?
Metamorphic Rock
Definition
• Type of rock that is changed due to chemical
reactions, heat and/or pressure
• Draw a picture to help you remember the
definition and rate your level of understanding