System for Radiographic Control
for security SRC “Sibscan”
S.Baru
Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics,
Novosibirsk, Russia
1
The device is designed for security personal
inspection for the purpose of detection of
dangerous items and weapons hidden on body
or in clothes. Unlike inspecting for metal items,
radiographic inspection is the only way to
inspect for plastic explosive materials and
weapons. These devices can be used at
airports, customs, prisons, embassies, nuclear
power centers, banks etc.
2
Such systems must meet the following
requirements:
a) possibility of low-contrast objects detection, allowing to
observe them both near human body (inside clothes, at the
side), against background of the most dense body parts
(abdominal cavity) and inside body also;
b) ultra-low doses of x-ray irradiation, comparable with
background dose;
c) large image dimensions (more than human height and
width);
d) short period of inspection;
e) presence of software allowing to analyze an image in a short
time;
f) minimum inconveniences for inspected person;
g) high capacity.
3
Schematic sketch of a two-coordinate
method:
1 – X-ray tube;
2 – Two-coordinate detector
Schematic sketch of a
scanning method:
1 – collimator;
2 – linear detector
4
Additional requirements:
 The system shouldn’t have the visible moving parts.
 The system operation should be noiseless.
 The system should have only the minimum of distortion to
make searching of hidden things easier.
 The system components should be very stable against
irradiation because its productivity can be very high ( 100
persons per hour without any interruption).
 Dynamic range should be very large (>400) because we
will search the hidden objects inside the body and at edges
of clothes.
5
side view
view from above
Schematic sketch of SRC
Such system can be created
only applying scanning method
to obtain an image. The basic
elements of the system are:
irradiator with X-ray tube,
collimator and X-ray detector.
The slit collimator cuts flat fanshaped X-ray beam, which is
recorded by detector after
passing through the inspected
person. During inspection the
tube, the collimator and the
detector move vertically.
Detector data of irradiation
distribution along one image
“line” are stored to memory
every several ms. On scanning
completion the whole picture is
transferred to computer and
after quick processing image
appears on display.
6
First sample of SRC at the time of testing on the manufacturing plant
7
Basic SRC parameters:
 Maximum scanning height
 Image width
 Channel size (resolution)
 Scanning speed
 Maximum scanning time
 Capacity
 Radiation dose per 1 inspection
- 2000 mm
- 800 mm
- 1x1 mm
- 40 cm/s
-5s
- 2 persons/min
~1,0 μSv *
*This dose is equivalent to 10 minutes
of flight background dose.
8
Two licenses for SRC production are sold to
Japanese and Korean companies. The first
sample of Russian SRC was manufactured at the
end of 2004 and works now in Moscow airport
Domodedovo.
SRC has all permission documents and
protected by patent.
9
There are several systems with
the same purpose:
Conpass (Belarus),
Scannex (South African Republic),
Secure 1000, Secure 2000 (USA).
10
The international inspection. It is performed by Norman Shanks (on the left) the official European expert in the field of aviation security.
11
Final of inspection. Photo for memory.
12
SRC “Sibscan” on the
Domodedovo
airport (Moscow)
The operator’s place
13
These pictures are made with System of Radiography Control (SRC) “Sibscan”. The hidden plastic knife and a dummy plastic gun
14
(made of fiberglass 4 mm thick) are clearly seen. The two pictures also show a piece of soap that imitates an explosive bar.
Radiation dose is 1mkSv, which is equivalent to 10 minutes of flight background dose.