Distant Education College, Jilin University
Lesson 19
Sam and His Store
1. Warm-up
Questions
2. Background Knowledge
3. Text Analysis
4. Exercises
5. Questions For Discussion
Extensive Reading II
Distant Education College, Jilin University
Warm-up Questions
1. What kind of man was Sam all his life?
2. What was Sam’s attitude toward work?
3. How did he leave the world?
4. What kind of man was George at the time of his father’s
death?
5. How did George change eleven months after his father’s
death?
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Background Knowledge
1. The Bronx: The Bronx, which is always referred to with the
article “the”, is the only borough of New York City on the
mainland. The number of residents of predominantly central
and eastern European origin has declined over the years, while
black and Puerto Rican residents have increased in number.
The Bronx is famous for the Bronx Zoo, the New York
Botanical Garden, Yankee Stadium, Poe Cottage in which the
writer Edgar Allen Poe lived and the Van Cortlandt Mansion
where George Washington is said to have spent a night.
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Background Knowledge
2. Sandwich: The word “sandwich” is attributed to the Fourth
Earl of Sandwich, a compulsive gambler. He did not like to stop
playing cards to eat a meal. Instead he had pieces of cooked
meat served to him between two slices of bread. In this way he
could continue playing without stopping!
Today, the sandwich has become one of the most popular
snacks in the world. In the United States giant or supersandwiches have become popular, especially among young
people. Generally, the huge sandwiches are made from a whole
loaf of bread that is sliced lengthwise. Then it is filled with
generous amounts of cold meats, cheeses, tomatoes, and sliced
onions. Sometimes different spices, salad oil or mustard are
added. The sandwich is a meal in itself.
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Background Knowledge
3. Retirement: In America the regular age for retirement is 65.
At the time the worker will get a pension from the government.
The pension is a set amount of money the person will receive
each month for the rest of his life. In addition to the government
pension the person will also receive a pension from the company
where he has worked most of his adult life.
Retirement means the person no longer needs to go to work.
However, it does not mean he is no longer active. Retirement is a
time the person can devote his energy to his hobbies, his family
or whatever interests him. The activities of the retired person
can be few or many depending on the individual person.
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Questions for Discussion
1. What do you think of Sam and George?
2. Do you try to achieve a balance in your life between work and
leisure?
3. Make a few suggestions on how this can be achieved.
4. If there were no financial cares, what would you do if you
didn’t have a job?
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Exercises
1. True/False Questions
2. Multiple-choice Questions
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True/False Questions
1. Sam was a hard-working person by nature.
2. Sam never thought about freedom and happiness.
3. Sam loved working without any complaints because he could
get much pleasure and happiness from work.
4. Sam’s neighbors and customers liked to buy goods at his
store.
Answer
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True/False Questions
1. Sam was a hard-working person by nature. T
2. Sam never thought about freedom and happiness.
3. Sam loved working without any complaints because he could
get much pleasure and happiness from work.
4. Sam’s neighbors and customers liked to buy goods at his
store.
Answer
Distant Education College, Jilin University
True/False Questions
1. Sam was a hard-working person by nature. T
2. Sam never thought about freedom and happiness. T
3. Sam loved working without any complaints because he could
get much pleasure and happiness from work.
4. Sam’s neighbors and customers liked to buy goods at his
store.
Answer
Distant Education College, Jilin University
True/False Questions
1. Sam was a hard-working person by nature. T
2. Sam never thought about freedom and happiness. T
3. Sam loved working without any complaints because he could
get much pleasure and happiness from work. T
4. Sam’s neighbors and customers liked to buy goods at his
store.
Answer
Distant Education College, Jilin University
True/False Questions
1. Sam was a hard-working person by nature. T
2. Sam never thought about freedom and happiness. T
3. Sam loved working without any complaints because he could
get much pleasure and happiness from work. T
4. Sam’s neighbors and customers liked to buy goods at his
store. T
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True/False Questions
5. Sam refused to retire from his store because he couldn’t imagine
how to live without working.
6. George’s marriage breakup didn’t prevent him from working.
7. George realized that although he was quite successful in his
career, he failed to enjoy life.
8. Sam devoted himself wholly to running his store though he knew
it cost him too much freedom and personal happiness.
Answer
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True/False Questions
5. Sam refused to retire from his store because he couldn’t imagine
how to live without working. T
6. George’s marriage breakup didn’t prevent him from working.
7. George realized that although he was quite successful in his
career, he failed to enjoy life.
8. Sam devoted himself wholly to running his store though he knew
it cost him too much freedom and personal happiness.
Answer
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True/False Questions
5. Sam refused to retire from his store because he couldn’t imagine
how to live without working. T
6. George’s marriage breakup didn’t prevent him from working. T
7. George realized that although he was quite successful in his
career, he failed to enjoy life.
8. Sam devoted himself wholly to running his store though he knew
it cost him too much freedom and personal happiness.
Answer
Distant Education College, Jilin University
True/False Questions
5. Sam refused to retire from his store because he couldn’t imagine
how to live without working. T
6. George’s marriage breakup didn’t prevent him from working. T
7. George realized that although he was quite successful in his
career, he failed to enjoy life. T
8. Sam devoted himself wholly to running his store though he knew
it cost him too much freedom and personal happiness.
Answer
Distant Education College, Jilin University
True/False Questions
5. Sam refused to retire from his store because he couldn’t imagine
how to live without working. T
6. George’s marriage breakup didn’t prevent him from working. T
7. George realized that although he was quite successful in his
career, he failed to enjoy life. T
8. Sam devoted himself wholly to running his store though he knew
it cost him too much freedom and personal happiness. F
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True/False Questions
9. Sam got along well with his customers and neighbours.
10. Finally Sam’s sons talked him into retiring. But living an
idle life soon led to his death.
11. Unlike his father, George was a loafer by nature.
12. George learned a hard lesson from his father’s death. He no
longer wished to live the life his father had lived.
13. George quit his job, which greatly puzzled his friends.
Answer
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True/False Questions
9. Sam got along well with his customers and neighbours. T
10. Finally Sam’s sons talked him into retiring. But living an
idle life soon led to his death.
11. Unlike his father, George was a loafer by nature.
12. George learned a hard lesson from his father’s death. He no
longer wished to live the life his father had lived.
13. George quit his job, which greatly puzzled his friends.
Answer
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True/False Questions
9. Sam got along well with his customers and neighbours. T
10. Finally Sam’s sons talked him into retiring. But living an
idle life soon led to his death. F
11. Unlike his father, George was a loafer by nature.
12. George learned a hard lesson from his father’s death. He no
longer wished to live the life his father had lived.
13. George quit his job, which greatly puzzled his friends.
Answer
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True/False Questions
9. Sam got along well with his customers and neighbours. T
10. Finally Sam’s sons talked him into retiring. But living an
idle life soon led to his death. F
11. Unlike his father, George was a loafer by nature. F
12. George learned a hard lesson from his father’s death. He no
longer wished to live the life his father had lived.
13. George quit his job, which greatly puzzled his friends.
Answer
Distant Education College, Jilin University
True/False Questions
9. Sam got along well with his customers and neighbours. T
10. Finally Sam’s sons talked him into retiring. But living an
idle life soon led to his death. F
11. Unlike his father, George was a loafer by nature. F
12. George learned a hard lesson from his father’s death. He no
longer wished to live the life his father had lived. T
13. George quit his job, which greatly puzzled his friends.
Answer
Distant Education College, Jilin University
True/False Questions
9. Sam got along well with his customers and neighbours. T
10. Finally Sam’s sons talked him into retiring. But living an
idle life soon led to his death. F
11. Unlike his father, George was a loafer by nature. F
12. George learned a hard lesson from his father’s death. He no
longer wished to live the life his father had lived. T
13. George quit his job, which greatly puzzled his friends. T
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Multiple-choice Questions
1. Sam loved his grocery dearly because _____.
A) he had been its owner from the start
B) the grocery helped him to make a fortune
C) the grocery was a place where he could meet people
D) the store was his home and the center of his life
Answer
Distant Education College, Jilin University
Multiple-choice Questions
1. Sam loved his grocery dearly because _____. D
A) he had been its owner from the start
B) the grocery helped him to make a fortune
C) the grocery was a place where he could meet people
D) the store was his home and the center of his life
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Multiple-choice Questions
2. Sam’s philosophy of life was that _______.
A) as the father of the family, he had to provide an education for
his sons
B) in order to get the respect of others, he had to earn a decent
living
C) one had to work hard to get anything valuable
D) he had to work long hours to sell more than other
shopkeepers
Answer
Distant Education College, Jilin University
Multiple-choice Questions
2. Sam’s philosophy of life was that _______. C
A) as the father of the family, he had to provide an education for
his sons
B) in order to get the respect of others, he had to earn a decent
living
C) one had to work hard to get anything valuable
D) he had to work long hours to sell more than other
shopkeepers
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Multiple-choice Questions
3. Sam’s youngest son, a promising geologist, decided to quit his
job when ______.
A) his father died
B) his wife left him
C) he grew tired of just working
D) he won his fame
Answer
Distant Education College, Jilin University
Multiple-choice Questions
3. Sam’s youngest son, a promising geologist, decided to quit his
job when ______. C
A) his father died
B) his wife left him
C) he grew tired of just working
D) he won his fame
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Multiple-choice Questions
4. George’s wife divorced him probably because _______.
A) he couldn’t earn enough money for her to spend
B) he always quarreled with her
C) he spent little time with her
D) he usually did paperwork at night when he came home
Answer
Distant Education College, Jilin University
Multiple-choice Questions
4. George’s wife divorced him probably because _______. C
A) he couldn’t earn enough money for her to spend
B) he always quarreled with her
C) he spent little time with her
D) he usually did paperwork at night when he came home
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Multiple-choice Questions
5. How did George feel about his job?
A) He loved it very much.
B) He felt that his job was a burden.
C) He thought that his wife wouldn’t have left him if he hadn’t
taken this job.
D) He felt that he could not enjoy life simply because of his job.
Answer
Distant Education College, Jilin University
Multiple-choice Questions
5. How did George feel about his job? D
A) He loved it very much.
B) He felt that his job was a burden.
C) He thought that his wife wouldn’t have left him if he hadn’t
taken this job.
D) He felt that he could not enjoy life simply because of his job.
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Text Analysis
Sam, an owner of a small store in New York City, never stopped
working until his death. However, his son, George, who had been
an ambitious person, one day quit his job in order to pay attention
to other things in life. What do you think about their attitudes to
work?
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Text Analysis
Sam was a grocer in the Bronx. All his life he had worked
hard, first as the only employee in the same small grocery, and
then as its owner. The store, which opened at 7:30 A.M., never
closed before eight in the evening — and often later, for Sam
never refused to serve late customers when he was still around
cleaning up the place. His wife helped during most of the day,
and her sister came in the morning to prepare the sandwiches
that they would sell at noontime. Sam’s three children had
always been expected to give a hand when they were not in
school or doing their homework.
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Text Analysis
Sam took his long days as a matter of course. Like most men
of his age and modest background, he regarded work as the
normal human fate. He didn’t resent taking pains to assure the
financial security of his family because he was convinced that
anything of value has to be earned. Surely, it never occurred to
Sam to wonder whether this security was costing him too much
freedom and personal happiness. For one thing, he didn’t
consider himself unhappy or unfairly burdened. He was just a
man doing his duty. Besides, he had his rewards: the store had
prospered nicely since he had bought it and he felt proud of his
success. It was good also to know that he had earned the respect
and friendship of his neighbors; it was good to feel needed,
responsible, and liked.
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Text Analysis
For Sam the little store didn’t represent only a hard way to
make a living and to provide his sons with the education that he
had not received himself. It was not just a place to work. It was
his true home, his world, the very center of his life, and his
pleasure as well. He enjoyed his daily conversations with his
customers, the jokes he shared with the policeman on the beat,
and the company of Fred, the tailor next door, who came every
day for an apple and a bit of gossip. During the quiet hours of
midafternoon, Sam would stand at his door, between the
oranges and the potatoes, happily surveying his street. He
belonged there, in this community of shopkeepers who shared
his problems and his satisfactions.
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Text Analysis
Sam’s sons tried in vain to talk his into retiring at seventy. He
couldn’t imagine a life away from his store, his responsibilities,
his friends; the very idea of doing nothing made him
uncomfortable. Sam ran his store until he was seventy-four. One
morning, as he was carrying a box of apples outside, he
collapsed and died of a heart attack without having been sick or
idle one day. That was pretty much what he had hoped for.
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Text Analysis
At the time of his father’s death, Sam’s youngest son George
was thirty-eight years old. A geologist, he held a demanding and
highly paid position with a company that built nuclear reactors.
He had to explore possible locations for new reactors and to
study the ground to see if it was safe. The job involved much
traveling, but George didn’t seem to mind being away from his
family for long periods of time, and spending evenings on
paperwork when he was back home. The resulting breakup of
his marriage saddened him without bringing any change in his
way of life. Anyone who knew George would have described
him as a hard-working, ambitious, competitive man with a
splendid future in the company.
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Text Analysis
Eleven months after his father’s death, George stopped
working. He was not fired; he was not pushed out by a rival; he
simply quit. His friends could hardly believe the news at first.
When they tried to get an explanation, George told them that,
after much reflection, he had reached the conclusion that his
beloved career was robbing him of his life. He had always been
too busy to pay attention to anything that was not connected with
his work; too busy to share the interests of his wife; too busy to
see the days and the years go by. In short, he had been nothing
but a successful robot. Now he was going to stop running and
take a good look at the world.
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Text Analysis
He wanted to get to know himself, to watch the birds in his
garden, and to become aware of the passage of time. No, he said,
he had no intention of looking for another job after a while; and
he had no desire to travel. He was just going to live and think in
peace, at leisure.
(to be continued)
From A changing Scene,
ed., Lucette Rollet Kenan, New York, 1982.
Approximately 800 words.
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Words to Know
grocer [5^rEusE] n. 食品商，杂货商
=one that sells foodstuffs and various household supplies
e.g. My uncle is a successful grocer in New York.
我的叔叔是纽约一个成功的食品商人。
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Words to Know
resent [rI5zent] vt. 对…怨恨
=feel indignantly aggrieved at
e.g. He resents criticism.
他怨恨批评。
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Words to Know
occur [E5kE:] vi. 出现（在某人脑海里）
= come to mind
e.g. An idea occurred to me.
我想到一个主意。
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Words to Know
gossip [5^RsIp] n. 闲聊
=rumor or talk of a personal, sensational, or intimate nature
e.g. You shouldn't listen to gossip.
你不应该听流言蜚语。
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Words to Know
collapse [kE5lAps] vi. 昏倒，病倒
= break down suddenly in strength or health
e.g. If you work too hard, your health may collapse.
如果你工作太累的话， 你可能病倒。
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Words to Know
idle [5aIdl] a. 无所事事，懒散
=avoiding work or employment; lazy
e.g. That boy is really idle.
那男孩真懒。
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Words to Know
geologist [dVI`ClEdVIst] n. 地质学家
=an expert in geology
e.g. His dream is to become a geologist.
他的梦想使成为一名地质学家。
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Words to Know
reactor [ri5AktE] n. 反应堆
=apparatus for the controlled production of nuclear energy
e.g. There are several nuclear reactors in that nuclear power
plant.
那家核电厂有好几个核反应堆。
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Words to Know
nuclear [`njU:klIE] n. 核
= relating to atomic nuclei
e.g. Nuclear war will be a disaster for all the living things.
核战争对所有生物来说都是一场灾难。
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Words to Know
ambitious [Am5bIFEs] a. 有抱负的，雄心勃勃的
=characterized by, or motivated by ambition
e.g. They are ambitious although they are poor.
他们虽穷却很有志气。
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Words to Know
competitive [kE5petItIv] a. 竞争的
= involving, or determined by competition
e.g. Basketball is a kind of highly competitive sport.
篮球是一种竞争性很强的运动。
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Words to Know
rival [5raIvEl] n. 竞争者
= competitor
e.g. She and I are rivals for the swimming prize.
我和她是游泳比赛奖的竞争对手。
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Words to Know
quit [kwIt] vi. 离开，离去
=depart from; leave
e.g. I'm going to quit next week.
我下星期辞职。
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Words to Know
fire [5faIE] vt. 解雇
=dismiss
e.g. According the Law of Labour, bosses can't fire workers at
will any longer.
根据劳动法,老板们再也不可以任意解雇工人了。
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Words to Know
reflection [rI5flekFEn] n. 思考，考虑
=careful consideration
e.g. After a minute's reflection, he answered.
他沉思片刻后才回答。
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Words to Know
career [kE5rIE] n. 职业，工作
=a profession or occupation
e.g. My grandfather was a career teacher; it's the only job he'd
ever done.
我祖父教了一辈子书,教书是他所干过的唯一的工作。
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Words to Know
robot [5rEubCt] n. 机器
人
=a mechanical device that
sometimes resembles a
human being
e.g. Scientists want to make
advanced robots to do
dangerous jobs for human
beings.
科学家想要制造出先进的机
器人来为人类做危险的工作。
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Words to Know
aware [E`weE] a. 意识到的
=having knowledge or cognizance
e.g. He doesn't seem to be aware of the coldness of their attitude
towards his appeal.
他好象没有意识到大家对他呼吁,态度冷淡。
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Words to Know
passage [5pAsIdV] n. （时间）流逝
=(time) goes by
e.g. Along with the passage of time, people will gradually forget
him.
随着时间的推移，人们会逐渐淡忘他。
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Words to Know
the Bronx [brCNks]:
a part of New York City
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Useful Phrases and Expressions
give a hand 给（某人）以帮助
e.g. Give me a hand with the washing-up, please.
请帮我洗餐具。
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Useful Phrases and Expressions
as a matter of course 作为理所当然的事
e.g. As a matter of course, the deputy mayor was elected mayor.
理所当然, 代市长被选为市长。
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Useful Phrases and Expressions
take pains 煞费苦心（做），（为…）费尽心机
e.g. John took great pains to please his lover.
约翰费尽心机去讨好他的爱人。
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Useful Phrases and Expressions
for one thing 首先，一则
e.g. For one thing, I haven't any money; for another, I don’t
have time.
一则我没钱，再则我也没时间。
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Useful Phrases and Expressions
go by （指时间）过去，流逝
e.g. As time goes by, his theory proved to be true.
随时光流逝, 他的理论被证明是正确的。
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Useful Phrases and Expressions
in short 总之，简而言之
e.g. In short, we won’t agree with your proposal.
简而言之，我们不会同意你的建议。
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Useful Phrases and Expressions
nothing but 只不过，仅仅
e.g. Nothing but doubts can prevent you from succeeding.
只有疑虑能阻碍你的成功。
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Difficult Sentences
The store, which opened at 7:30 A.M., never closed before eight
in the evening — and often later, for Sam never refused to serve
late customers when he was still around cleaning up the place.
这家杂货店早上七点半开门，晚上八点前从没关过门，超过八
点是常事。因为即便是萨姆在准备打烊时，也从不拒绝接待晚
来的顾客。
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Difficult Sentences
He didn’t resent taking pains to assure the financial security of
his family because he was convinced that anything of value has
to be earned.
他并不怨恨要为维持一家人的生计而操劳，因为他确信任何有
价值的东西都是挣来的。
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Difficult Sentences
Surely, it never occurred to Sam to wonder whether this security
was costing him too much freedom and personal happiness.
确实，萨姆从未思考过是否为了维持生计他牺牲了太多的自由
和个人幸福。
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Difficult Sentences
The resulting breakup of his marriage saddened him without
bringing any change in his way of life.
由此引起的婚姻破裂使他难过，但未能改变他的生活方式。
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Difficult Sentences
He wanted to get to know himself, to watch the birds in his
garden, and to become aware of the passage of time.
他希望能了解自己，能在花园里观察飞鸟，并注意到时间的流
逝。
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Difficult Sentences
Sam took his long days as a matter of course. Like most men of
his age and modest background, he regarded work as the
normal human fate.
萨姆把长时间工作看作理所当然的事，像与他同代和家境穷寒
的人一样，他认为工作是命中注定的事。
“verb + 宾语 + as + 宾语补语”, as在宾语后通常引出宾语补足
话。可用于这种特殊结构的动词有recognize, see regard, take,
describe, treat, accept, consider, etc.:
A young Customs Officer clearly regarded me as a smuggler.
一位年轻的海关官员显然把我当作走私犯了。
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Difficult Sentences
Anyone who knew George would have described him as a hardworking, ambitious, competitive man with a splendid future in
the company.
任何了解乔治的人都会说他是一个勤奋、雄心勃勃且有竞争力
的人，都认为他在公司里前途无量。
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Difficult Sentences
A geologist, he held a demanding and highly paid position with a
company that built nuclear reactors.
由于他是个地质学家，在一家建造核反应堆的公司从事一项要
求颇高，而薪水也丰厚的工作。
A geologist在句子中起状语的作用，通常表示原因：
An art student, he is naturally interested in Picasso's paintings.
由于他是一个学艺术的学生，自然对毕加索的油画感兴趣。
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Difficult Sentences
For Sam the little store didn’t represent only a hard way to
make a living and to provide his sons with the education that he
had not received himself.
对萨姆而言，小小的杂货店不仅意味着以辛勤劳动来维持生计，
而且还为儿子们提供了受教育的机会，这种机会他个人从未享
受过。
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Distant Education College, Jilin University
Difficult Sentences
It was not just a place to work. It was his true home, his world,
the very center of his life, and his pleasure as well.
这不仅仅是工作的地方，这是他真正的家，他的世界，他全部
生活的中心，也是他的乐趣所在。
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Distant Education College, Jilin University
Difficult Sentences
He belonged there, in this community of shopkeepers who
shared his problems and his satisfactions.
在周围与他同甘共苦的店主中．他找到了自己的归属。
He belonged there, in this community of shopkeepers:
He had found the right place for himself among his neighboring
shopkeepers.
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Distant Education College, Jilin University
Difficult Sentences
Sam’s sons tried in vain to talk his into retiring at seventy. He
couldn’t imagine a life away from his store, his responsibilities,
his friends; the very idea of doing nothing made him
uncomfortable.
萨姆的儿子们始终未能说服他在70岁时退休。萨姆无法想象脱
离店铺、脱离职责以及周围朋友们的生活。甚至不干活的想法
都令他感到不舒服。
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Distant Education College, Jilin University
Difficult Sentences
When they tried to get an explanation, George told them that,
after much reflection, he had reached the conclusion that his
beloved career was robbing him of his life.
当朋友们问他这样做的原因时，乔治对他们说，经过反思，他
得出结论，是他热爱的事业剥夺了他的正常生活。
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Distant Education College, Jilin University
Difficult Sentences
who came every day for an apple and a bit of gossip:
who came to his store every day to buy an apple and to talk a
little about people they knew or to talk about local, national or
world events of passing interest.
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Distant Education College, Jilin University
Words to Know
prosper [5prCspE] v.To be fortunate or successful,
especially in terms of one‘s finances; thrive.
繁盛，成功幸运或成功的，尤对某人财富而言；繁盛
eg. China is prospering with each passing day.
中国正在蒸蒸日上。
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