Islamization at State and Society Level
1
Outline
 What is Islamization
 Process of Islamization
 Pre partition
 In Constitutions of Pakistan
 Zia Era
 At Society Level
 Epilogue
2
Islamization
 Islamization is the process of a society's conversion to
the religion of Islam
 Adoption of an Islamist social and political system in
a society
 Since the 1970s, the Islamic world has witnessed a
phenomenon called "Islamic revival“
3
Pre-Partition and Early period
 Khilafat Movement
 Seeds in Pakistan Movement
 What is an Islamic State? (IJP)
 Quaid Assertion about Islamic Principles
 Jamat-e-Islami’s Demand of Nizam-e-Islam
 Objective Resolution
 22 Points of Ulema
4
Constitutions of 1956,1962 and 1973
 1956
 Name of the Country
 Objective Resolution
 Sovereignty
 State Responsible for Islamic way of Life
 Islamic Ethical Values
 Zakat and Auqaf
 Principles of Policy
 Unity of Muslim Ummah as Basic principle of Foreign
Policy
 Head of State to be Muslim
5
Cont….
 Promise of imposition of Islamic System
 1962
 Compulsory Education of Islamiyat
 No law against Islamic conjunctions
 Islamic Advisory Council 1962 now I.I.C
 1973
 Islam is state religion
 Abolition of Riba
 Nizam e Zakat o Auqaf
 PM to be Muslim
 Definition of Muslim
6
1973
 Article 62 and 63
 Preaching of Islamic Values
 Good relations with Muslim countries as Principle of
Policy
 Correct Printing of Quran
 Education of Arabic Language
 Quadiani as non-Muslim
 Oath of various Constitutional Posts
7
General Ayub
 Family Law Ordinance 1961
 Islamic Advisor Council 1962
8
Islamization by Bhutto
 OIC Summit 1972
 Ban on drinking/gambling etc
 Ministry of Religious Affairs
9
Zia Ul Haq
 Eman Taqwa and Jihad –Moto of Pak Army
 Salat Ordinance
 Prohibition (of Wine) Order 19777
 Hadood Ordinance 1979
 Zakat o Usher Ordinance 1980
 Ihteram e Ramzan Ordinance/Reverence for Fasting
1978
 Hajj Arrangements
 Bismillah Ceremony
 Ulema o Mashaikh Convention
10
Cont…
 Shrait Bench of SC
 Active Role of I.I.C
 F.S.C 1980
 Qazi courts 1984
 Shrait Ordinance 1988
 Riba free Banking
 Shriat Academy
 Islamiyat and Arabic as Compulsory
 Jihad against Russia
 Rouet-e-Hilal Committee
11
1990s to date
 Islam as Political Identity
 Political Parties and Alliance (I.J.I,M.M.A)
 Qasas and Diyat Ordinance 1990
 Recognition of Talban Govt. 1996
 Shariat Bill 1997
 Hasba Bill 2003
 Development of Rightist Ideology
 Non recognition of Israel
12
At Society Level
 Naming a Child
 Islamic Way of Life
 Anti Quadiani Riots
 Tehreek-e-Nizam-e-Mustafa 1979
 Islamic Calendar
 Islamic Dress Code
 Education of Quran
 Aftar Parties
 Urs and Islamic Festival
13
 Tehreek-e-Nifaz-e-Shriat-e-Muhammadi (Sufi
Muhammad)
 The Nizam-e-Adl Regulation was a controversial act,
passed on April 13, 2009, of Pakistan's central
government that formally established Sharia law in
the Malakand division
14
Effects_Islamization at Society Level
 Holydays are holidays
 Religious Intolerance
 Religious Philanthropy
 Western Islamo-Phobia
 Clash of Civilization
 Madras as NGO
 Mushrooming of Jihadi Outfits
 Three Jihads-1979-1987-2002
 Censorship ?????
15
16
Principles
1. Sovereignty belongs to Allah alone but He has
delegated it to the State of Pakistan through its
people for being exercised within the limits
prescribed by Him as a sacred trust
2. The State shall exercise its powers and authority
through the chosen representatives of the people
3. The principles of democracy, freedom, equality,
tolerance and social justice, as enunciated by
Islam, shall be fully observed
17
Cont…
4. Muslims shall be enabled to order their lives in the
5.
6.
7.
8.
individual and collective spheres in accordance
with the teachings of Islam as set out in the
Quran and Sunnah
Adequate provision shall be made for the minorities
to freely profess and practice their religions and
develop their cultures
Pakistan shall be a federation
Fundamental rights shall be guaranteed.
The judiciary shall be independent
18