Year 9 Geography
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Changing nature and patterns of work
Cultural Integration
Demographic Change
Globalisation of economic activity
Lifestyle expectations
New technologies
Recognition of Native Title
Resource Depletion
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'Structural change' is an economic explanation for our
changing work patterns. It refers to key work and labour
force changes in Australia, such as the reduction in fulltime work.
There has been a decline in full time work from 89 per
cent to 69 per cent. There has been an increase in parttime and casual work.
The workforce participation of women has increased
from 37 to 55 per cent and the number of employed
people with a bachelor's degree or higher has increased
from 3 to 19 per cent.
The proportion of 15 to 24 year olds remaining in our
education system has increased from 35 to 54 per cent.
The changing structure of work has transformed the
three traditional work sectors: Primary, Secondary and
Tertiary.
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Primary industry is the raw materials/natural resource
extraction like in agriculture or mining. Eg: Farming
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Secondary sector involves the conversion of primary
materials into goods for consumption, like car
manufacturing, construction, or electricity, gas and water
provision.
Eg: Building
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The Tertiary sector refers to communication,
entertainment, business, and professional and
community services. E.g: Becoming a teacher or nurse
Changing Work patterns
◦ Size and composition of the labour force- As baby
boomers retire there will be less people in the
workforce and more elderly people that will need to be
taken care of.
Types of jobs available
◦ There have been changes in the number of people who
choose to work full time or part time. Today about 85
% of men work full time, compared to 55% of women.
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Is the process where different cultures
become more similar and linked together.
Cultural Integration is promoted through
increased levels of migration, education,
tourism, religion, the media and internet.
Australia is a very multicultural country so it is
experiencing high levels of cultural
integration
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Globalisation is the breaking down of barriers
between countries. This is due to increased
international trade, finance, technology,
transport advances and communications.
LIST as many TNCs (Transnationals
Corporations) as you can think of
1.Coco Cola
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5.
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List all the different ‘brand’ names you have
and use in your current world.
What impact has globalisation had on you?
What impact does globalisation have on
communities?
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As people become wealthier they have come
to expect more. Houses are becoming larger
and more luxurious. Many families have 2 or
three cars
Credit card and mortgage debts are at an all
time high.
Australian trends show an “over-consumption
culture.”
Broadband, satellite Internet and 3G mobile
phones have become so important that if a
community does not have access they may be
disadvantaged.
 The internet is used for banking, finance,
shopping and research.
 Not all people can access the internet, the
unemployed, the elderly, Indigenous and
Non-English Speaking communities are
disadvantaged. This leads to spatial
inequality within communities.
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◦ There is an increasing role for technology in our
working lives.
◦ Technology is transforming the way we do
business. For example, there is a boost in
services involving the internet in the workplace.
◦ Although certain groups of workers are victims
of the 'digital divide', most white collar workers
have internet access and a computer at work
and at home.
◦ The technological changes in the nature of work
are designed to improve time, and cost and
work efficiency.
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Using your laptop visit Westpac, ANZ,
Commonwealth Bank websites.
List 3 common features that appeared on
the website.
How has banking on the internet changed
the way people bank and pay their bills?
(one paragraph)
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Native title is a concept of law that recognises
the continued ownership of land by local
Indigenous populations.
This recognition leads to self determination
and reconciliation.
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If the people of a community are reliant on
natural resources such as minerals, oil, coal,
natural gas and timber for employment or
income, they will be affected if the resource is
depleted.
Ravenswood:
This town is in Queensland. It was once a
prosperous gold-mining town of up to 5000
residents between 1870-1920. Today
Ravenswood is a ghost town of only about
100 residents. People left town when the gold
began to run out and it became difficult to
extract. Most buildings are old and are a
feature of the town, becoming increasingly
popular with tourists.
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Factors contributing to demographic change:
Population rise through natural increase and
migration means there is more of a need for
education, housing, food and water
Ethnic Composition and migration cause
communities to become more multicultural
Changes in population distribution causes
communities to grow or decline (urban growth
and Decline)
The delay in many women getting married
and having no more than 2 children on
average- fertility rates drop.
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Demographic Change in North Sydney