Hadera Desalination Plant Background, Site Visit, and Significance for Israel S Desalination in Israel S 1999: Government initiation of long term, large-scale SWRO desalination program S 2002: Construction of the first large-scale desalination facility S 2005: Desalination program makes first contribution of potable water to the national grid S 2014: Expected – desalinated water closes gap between supply and demand in Israel Desalination in Israel Hadera Plant – Fact Sheet S One of three large-scale desalination plants in operation in Israel S Capacity: 127 M m3/year S Technology: Reverse Osmosis S Project Type: BOT (Build-Operate-Transfer) S World’s largest SWRO plant Site Visit Site Visit Site Visit Site Visit Importance for Israel S Past decade – Severe drought and growing population S Desalination part of the solution for Israel S Problems to be addressed: S Environmental concerns S Land use S Energy efficiency