PSYCHOLOGY
…AND MEDICINE
11th lecture
Zsolt B. Major - 4081237@t-email.hu
Theories of personality
Theories of pesonality
Other theories
Social learning
theory
Approach of
learning methods
•
• Bandura
•
• Modeling
• Instrumental
(rewarded)
conditioning
• Classical (emotional
based) conditioning
Phenomenological
approach
Tabula rasa
• Love
Allegory of Darwin: • = Acceptance
the adaptive
• Positive point of
behavioral pattern
view
locks
• Child care:
(find out the good in
everybody!)
Personality
Continuity of it…?!
Scripts
reactive-evocative-proactive
interactions
Games people play
Szondi-principle (from
agression, as basic property
trait sy will become murder,
other butcher…)
Orderliness…
Positiv vs. Negativ
„Pygmalion” (self-fulfilling
processes)!
There are constant traits AND unique, special variences
The aim is to be able to make reliable forecasts AND
understand and manage the unique variences too!!
Theories of pesonality
Would you be able
to extinguish a
human life?!
Personality = personality + situation, context,
etc.!!
See Ethic too!!
PERSONALITY – OTHER APPROACHES – practical benefits:
Social modeling – see lay image, fantasy about doctors transmitted
by the madical TV-series…
Phenomenologhical approach – see the justice&charity as basic
ethical principles
Empathy = look behind the surface: understand and acceptance of
patient’s different culture, norms…
…and for this to understand what could happen in the
personality…!
Development of your own personality
Questions..?
Developmental psychology
Bowlby: „Good enogh” mother for the baby!!!
=calculable to him/her, listen&respond to the baby’s
real needs, for the baby should feel the mather’s care
about his real life…!
SEE IMPORTANCE OF CALCULABLE
BEHAVIOR…!!
Developmental psychology
External environmental impact:
Importance of the primary (love) relationship!
Ainsworth
experiment:
Harlow experiment:
Hairy brooder stove
(expletive mother
imitation)
Vs.
Cold, bare one
• Safety affection
• Uncertain affection
– avoident
• Uncertain affection –
ambivalent
• Disconcerted
Developmental psychology
…How is forming our personality?
Long ago:
= insensitive
human being
A baby…
Today:
= although helpless, but
his senses are working;
and his conscious (on
his level) too…!!
Feel/sense:
• Sight
• Hearing (head
turning)
• Smelling („Turns”
to the sweet smell,
or to the familiar
fragnance)
Researches,
experiments:
• Observation
• Habituation –
dishabituation
(if he can recognize, detect the
different between 2 status of
stimulus’s)
Developmental psychology
Nature or nurture?
…both…!!
Developmental maturation
(periodic vs. continous…??)
Environment
(critical periods!)
There are both specific
sections and individual
differences too:
Enviromental impacts may
make affect on the maturation
process:
• Climb
• Sit
• Stand
• Eyesight (eg. Congenital
Cataract must be operated
before 2 months of age!)
• Development of
personality: 1-6 months of
age, or, 1-3 age!! – See
Child care!!
• Temperament
(see reactive-evocative
interaction!)
Developmental psychology
Development of…:
• Perception, sensation (see
sensoral deprivation!)
• Cognitive, conceptual,
language
• Personality - emotional
• Social
DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY – practical benefits:
Examination of young children – backlog, injury,etc…
In case of familiar conflicts ability to recognize the degree of
hazard… (Sign to the guardianship)
The children are always just the symptom-bearings – help to the
whole family: eg. When seeing an ambivalent affection from the
child… The parent will accept our opinion, help just if we have a
good relationship with her (see communicational practice!)
(because the parent’s self-image will protect himself: obviously the parent will think about
herself, that she is a good parent…)
See psychosomatics too: primary-secundary sickness-benefits – the
parent’s attention, listening is the reward to the children…!
Questions..?
SPECIALITIES OF THE ADOLESCENCE…
Questions & Uncertainty:
„Who am I?”
„Where did I come
from?”
„In what to belive?”
„Where do I go?”
„Where is my place in the world…?”
HUMAN VALUES:
Shows directions in the Life – what to do,
where to go, how behave, etc…
AFTER COGNITION &
ANALYISIS OF THEM…!
Developmental psychology
Long-life development!
Erik Erikson
Let’s look into ourselves… - raise up the hand who has no more
question about himself, about the world…? 
Detect a problem have to be solved?
Yes
Yes
No
ACHIEVEMENT
OF IDINTITY
FORECLOSURE
MORATORIUM
IDENTITY
DIFFUSION
Is it solved?
No
Developmental psychology
Long-life development!
Erik Erikson
„LIFE TASKS”
For example:
• Hurt/miss of trust: „good or
bad…?”
• Hurt/miss of autonomy: „you don’t
have the right to have your own
feelings, decisons: must be eated
even if it’s not well for you…”
• Intimacy is the prerequisite of
achievment of identity (early
adulthood)
• Middle life (creator) crisis –
„Closing time panic”) (adulthood)
• Emptyness of our life vs.
Satisfaction with it (old ages)
DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY – practical benefits:
Erikson’s olda age’s life task… - see individual psychology: to belong
somewhere, compensate the value-less feeling
= care about older community development
You have to care with the patient’s soul too: life tasks, crisis’s in
adolescence, middle life, and so on…!
Psychosomatics…!
Your own development: your (professional) credo, established point of
view, the organization of your life, solving your own crisis’s…!!
You are working with your personalityy too: let’s care about it!
Questions..?
Questions and answers…
E-mail: 4081237@t-email.hu
Litterature:
Atkinson & Hilgard.: Psychology
p. p. 460-501. 68-107.
Always the related content to the lecture’s theme!
Thank you for your attention!
END of the 11th lecture
Developmental psychology
ECLETICISM…!!! –
Eg. The development of gender
identity
• Psychoanalitics
Oedipus conflict - and it’s solution
• Biological approach
adolescence- hormones – self-image
adolescence – hormones – self-image(girls have more chaos…)
-> it can be one of the reasons of conflicts with parents
• Social learning theory
• Alignment to the gender
vs.
Gender identity
Experiences, opinions?
HURT OF DEVELPOMENT OF EMOTIONS (THE PERSONALITY)
DIFFERENTIATED EMOTIONS
Adulthood:
We can cope and navigate with&between…!
2
CONSCIOUS
2
MEMORY
Previous experiences, development
of cognition
1
Early age / infancy:
+
GOOD
„oncoming””
(REFLEXES)
-
BAD
„getting away”
LACK OF THIS…!!!
DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONALITY
Happiness, heartache, anger, fear, etc.
2) Lack of Autonomy /stability, feeling of security
Or
3) Lack of positive self-image
Self-centered view of world = „Everything is happening to me could
be caused just by me”
„It is bad to me = I am bad!”
And we protect strongly our formed self-concept, as it gives us the security to
navigate in the world
„I am bad boy/girl.”
=
Eg. Treating children came from child care – understanding,
acceptation of them and not to judge on them! (see at stereotypes…!)
Get relation with deviant adolescence: listen to his problemes,
thinkings to him – wil growth the compliance, the cooperation (you
are helper professionals – in broad range of meaning of it; see biopsycho-social approach)
Community development, prevention – trainings, informative,
motivation lectures, etc
SELF-IMAGE/CONCEPT – Affect of emotions on it…
Long-life
development:
„LOOK BEHIND
THE SURFACE!”
ECLECTICISM
BIO-PSYCHO-SOCIAL
APPROACH/MODEL!