FIRO-B
&
BELBIN
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FIRO
 FIRO stands for Fundamental Interpersonal Relations
Orientation introduced by William Schutz in 1958.
 This theory is based on the belief that when people get
together in a group, there are 3 main interpersonal
needs they are looking to obtain:-
1.
2.
3.
Affection/openeness
Control
Inclusion.

This technique was created to measure or control
how group members feel when it comes to inclusion,
control, and affection/openness or to be able to get
feedback from people in a group.
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INCLUSION
 About recognition, belonging, participation,
contact with others & how you relate to
groups.
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CONTROL
 Concerned with influence, leadership,
responsibility & decision making.
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AFFECTION
 About closeness, warmth, sensitivity,
openness & how you relate to others.
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 Based on this theory, a measurement instrument
with scales that assess the behavioral aspects of the
three dimensions.
 Scores are graded from 0-9 in scales of expressed
and wanted behavior, which define how much a
person expresses to others, and how much he
wants from others.
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individual is not directly trying
to satisfy the need.
individual is trying constantly
to satisfy the need.
satisfying the need in a
moderate way.
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Inclusion
(I)
Expressed
(e’)
Low
Wanted
(w’)
Low
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Control
(C)
Affection
(A)
Moderate
High
High
Moderate
1- Inclusion types:
LONER
(low e’I, low w’I). Eg :-
(high e’I, high w’I) . Eg:PEOPLE GATHER
(moderate e’I, moderate w’I). Eg:SOCIAL FLEXIBILITY
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2- Control types:
(low e’C, high w’C) Eg :OPENLY DEPENDENT PERSON
(high e’C, low w’C) Eg :MISSION IMPOSSIBLE
(moderate e’C, moderate w’C)
Eg :- MATCHER
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3- Affection types:
PESSIMIST
OPTIMISTIC
(low e’A, low w’A). Eg :-
(high e’A, high w’A) Eg :-
(moderate e’A , moderate w’A)
Eg :-WARM INDIVIDUAL
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BERBIN TEAM ROLES
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What is a Team Role?
 A team role as defined by Dr Meredith Belbin
is:"A tendency to behave, contribute and
interrelate with others in a particular way.“
 The value of Belbin team-role theory lies in
enabling an individual or team to benefit
from self-knowledge and adjust according to
the demands being made by the external
situation.
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Belbin Team Role Expert System
 Belbin - 9team role types
 Each type has a typical behavioural strength and a
characteristic weakness
 “Allowable weaknesses” are the negative side of the
positive strength.
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Team Roles
 Plant
 Resource Investigator
 Co-ordinator
 Shaper
 Monitor Evaluator
 Teamworker
 Implementer
 Completer-Finisher
 Specialist
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Team Role Summary Descriptions
Team role
Contribution
Allowable weakness
Plant
Creative, imaginative,
unorthodox. Solves
difficult problems.
Ignores incidentals. Too
pre- occupied to
communicate
effectively.
Resource
Investigator
Extrovert, enthusiastic,
communicative.
Explores opportunities.
Develops contacts.
Over-optimistic. Loses
interest once initial
enthusiasm has passed.
Mature, confident, a
good chairperson.
Clarifies goals,
promotes decisionmaking, delegates well.
Can be seen as
manipulative. Offloads
personal work.
Co-ordinator
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Contd….
Team role
Contribution
Allowable weakness
Shaper
Challenging, dynamic, Prone to provocation.
thrives on pressure.
Offends people’s
Has the drive and
feelings.
courage to overcome
obstacles.
Monitor
Evaluator
Sober, strategic and
discerning. Sees all
options. Judges
accurately.
Lacks drive and ability
to inspire others.
Co-operative, mild,
perceptive and
diplomatic. Listens,
builds, averts friction.
Indecisive in crunch
situations.
Team worker
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Contd….
Team Role
Implementer
Contribution
Allowable weakness
Disciplined, reliable,
conservative and
efficient. Turns ideas
into practical actions.
Somewhat inflexible.
Slow to respond to new
possibilities.
Completer
Finisher
Painstaking,
Inclined to worry
conscientious, anxious. unduly. Reluctant to
Searches out errors and delegate.
omissions. Polishes
and perfects.
Specialist
Single-minded, selfstarting, dedicated.
Provides knowledge
and skills in rare
supply.
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Contributes on only a
narrow front. Dwells
on technicalities.
Team Role Theory
Strengths
Weaknesses
• realise strengths &
weaknesses
• individuals may not be true
to role in all circumstances
• if role absent, can
compensate
• overpowering leader
syndrome
• groups can be formed
deliberately with team role
theory
• organisational politics
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• organisational & national
culture
Benefits of Team Role Theory
 Recognise strengths
 More tolerance for
weaknesses
 A language to talk about
behaviour
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