Yeaseul Lauren Park
Semmewleis University EM11
LYE38A
Introduction
Personality and Personality Disorder
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Personality
predictable, stable characteristics
unique behavioral tendencies from one’s daily life
indicates who a person is
Criteria of Personality Disorder
Inadaptability to society with fixed habitual actions
Thinking mechanism and/or
Excessive use of coping mechanism that cannot satisfy
one’s needs
– Paranoid vs. Histrionic vs. Avoidant types.
Antisocial Personality Disorder
 Histrionic type personality disorder
 Avoidance, Irrationality, and Immorality
 Emotional immaturity and lack of responsibility
 Do not observe the social rules
 Cannot process learning from experiences
 Extreme self-centeredness
 Lack or absence of ability to form emotional
connections with members in society
Approach 1.
Freud’s Psychodynamic Theory
 Unconsicous plays a more prominent role in mental
health
 Personality: Id + Ego + Superego
 Superego Theory: Ego-Ideal and Conscience
Approach 2.
Bandura’s Social Learning Theory
 Personality: Environmental + Cognitive factors
 “Reciptrocal Determinants”
Results
Prevalence
 3% in male and 1% in female populations
(men are 4-7% more prone to experience ASPD than women)
 About 1% of the population suffers from
ASPD
*Constantly Rising phenomenon
Results
Freud’s Theory
 Characterisics in ASPD
– Strong Ids and Weakened Superego
– Too little contribution of the Superego toward their mental
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functioning
Excess defense mechanism  isolation
Possible Cause
Childhood experience
“Unconscious” : Accumulation of impulses
Potential Treatment
Free association
Dream anlaysis
Results
Bandura’s Theory
 Characterisics in ASPD
– Lack of ability to self-regulate
– Decreased ability in predicting consequences of their
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behaviour
Possible Cause
Negative family environments
Result of inappropriate modeling
Inappropriate learning process developed in childhood
Potential Treatment
Inner personal regulation (self-reguation, -judgement, etc)
Through reinforcement and modeling
Conclusion
Environmental AND Biological … ?
 The causes of personality disorders, including ASPD,
are difficult to clearly describe.
 Disorders are ambiguous in their definitions and
symptoms
 Neither of the two approaches discussed can fully
address all factors to the development of ASPD
**Further research question:
Importance of biological or genetic factors in ASPD
prevalence.
References
 1. Edwards, R. D. (2009). Antisocial Personality Disorder. Retrieved from
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http://www.medicinenet.com/antisocial_personality_disorder/
article.htm
2. Engler, B. (8E.). (2009). Personality Theories. New York: Houghton
Mifflin Publishing Company.
3. Ganzzaniga, S. G., & Heatherton, T. F. (2E.). (2005). Psychological
Science. New York: W.W.Norton &Company.
4. Long, W. P. (2008). Internet Mental Health: Antisocial Personality
Disorder. Retrieved from http://www.mentalhealth.com/dis/p20pe04.html
5. McGilloway A. et al. (2010). A systemic review of personality disorder,
race and ethnicity: prevalence, aetiology and treatment. BMC
Psychiatry, 10(33). Retrieved from
http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-244X/10/33
6. Sansone R. A. et al. (2011). The Prevalence of Borderline Personality
Disorder in a Consecutive Sample of Cardiac Stress Test
Patients. Prim Care Companion CNS Disord, 13(3), PCC.10l01087.
doi:10.4088/PCC.10l01087