Diversity of Living Things
•Classification
•The Five Kingdoms
•Adaptation
• Methods of grouping
things according to
similarities and
differences (ex.
colour, age, size)
• Sorting things into
groups helps put
order into our lives.
Carolus Linnaeus
• 1700's - Carolus Linnaeus Swedish Biologist
– established a simple system
for classifying and naming
organisms
– Based on structural
similarities of organism
– Binomial Nomenclature - 2
name naming system - still in
use today.
– Created a system of groups
called TAXA or TAXON
– Each Taxon is a category
into which related organisms
are placed
• Approximately 2.5 million
kinds of organisms
identified
The Science of classifying organisms
Classifying plants or animals
can be difficult
Where do we put the
frogs?
Where do we put the dogs?
•Protist
•Monera (bacteria)
•Fungi
•Plant
•Animal
The Protist Kingdom
Amoeba

Single Celled

All have a nucleus

Absorb, ingest, and/or
photosynthesize food

Examples are:
paramecium, amoeba
Examples
Paramecium
The Monera (Bacteria)
Kingdom






Simplest form of life
Do not have a nucleus
Absorb food
These are bacteria and
cyanobacteria which is also
referred to as blue green algae
Bacteria can be found
anywhere, it can grow in hot
or cold places
Bacteria can feed on many
different things
Examples
Staphylococcus aureus
means "golden cluster seed"
in Latin
E. Coli
Methanogenium frigidum bacteria
prefer the cold
The Fungi Kingdom
• Rooted to the ground
• Are Not green
• Cannot make their
own food
• Mushrooms, yeasts,
moulds are all forms
of fungi
• They breakdown
dead animal and plant
remains
The Plant Kingdom
• Second largest group
of living things on
earth
• Can grow almost
anywhere there is
light and water
• Trap energy from the
sun and make their
own food
• Examples are ferns,
evergreens, roses
The Animal Kingdom
• Largest group of living
things on earth
• Have many cells
• Cannot make their own
food
• More than a million
different kinds of
species
• Able to move
• Examples; insects
mammals, amphibians
Some plants and animals
have special structures and
behaviours called adaptations.
These adaptations allow them
to live successfully in their
environment
3 KINDS OF
ADAPTATIONS WE
WILL EXAMINE ARE:
1)CAMOUFLAGE
2)WARNING
COLOURATION
3)MINICRY
 Makes
organisms
difficult to see
 Helps plants or
animals to hide
Chameleons can change their  Helps animals
skin so it blends in with its
sneak
up
on
Background. Camouflage helps
prey
the chameleon to hide.
Can you find the Chameleon?
• Is bright and easy to
see
• Is used by organisms
that are poisonous, or
dangerous
• Is used to warn away
animals, to keep them
from trying to eat an
organism
The Monarch butterfly has a very
bitter taste that birds hate. After
trying to eat a monarch butterfly, a bird will
remember the bitter taste and the bright pattern, and avoid Monarchs in future
• Makes an
organism look like
another organism
• Is used to trick
animals
The Viceroy butterfly looks like a
Monarch butterfly, but it doesn’t
taste bitter. Birds avoid the
Viceroy butterfly, because they think it is the Monarch
REVIEW
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
What does it mean to classify items?
Who is Carols Linnaeus? And why is he
important?
What is Taxonomy?
What are the 5 Kingdoms? List and explain
each one briefly.
What is Adaptation?
What three kinds of adaptation were
discussed? List and explain each one briefly