Job Hazard Analysis
Session Objectives
Identify the purpose of JHA
Recognize the benefits of JHA
Understand the JHA process
Analyze jobs effectively to detect
and correct hazards
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Prequiz:
Test Your Knowledge
1. OSHA has developed:
2. JHA helps to reduce
workplace absences.
a. An in-depth JHA regulation
b. Guidelines for JHA
c. Nothing related to JHA
True or False?
3. The first step in JHA is to: a. Break down the job
b. Identify the hazards
c. Determine safe procedures
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Regulatory Guidance
• No specific JHA
standard
• OSHA provides JHA
guidelines
• OSHA inspectors may
review hazard
assessment program
• JHA is also called job
safety analysis (JSA)
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What Is JHA?
• Method of identifying hazards
• Means of breaking the job down
into steps
• System for easily understanding
hazards
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Why Perform JHA?
• Identify existing
hazards
• Identify potential
hazards
• Prioritize
corrective actions
• Reduce or
eliminate hazards
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What Are the
Benefits of JHA?
• Improves safety
•
•
•
•
performance
Reduces absences
Increases productivity
Improves morale
Assists in OSHA
compliance
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How Are Jobs
Selected for JHA?
• High accident, injury, or
illness rates
• Frequent near misses
• Procedures, processes,
or equipment changes
• All other jobs
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Who Is Involved
In JHA?
• Safety personnel
• Department managers
and supervisors
• Employees who
perform the jobs
• Design engineers
• Maintenance
personnel
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How Are Hazards
Identified?
• General inspections
• Special inspections
• Walkaround
inspections
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What Are OSHA’s
Inspections Guidelines?
• List departments and operations involved
• List operational activities
• Assign inspection dates and duties
• Determine sequence of activities
and route
• Identify follow-up responsibilities
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What’s the Function of
Area Hazard Checklists?
• Equipment
• Procedures
• Personnel
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Which Elements of a
Job Are Analyzed?
• Start-up
• Operation
• Shutdown
• Maintenance
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JHA Explained:
True or False?
JHA looks at the workplace as a whole.
We perform JHA because OSHA’s
JHA standard requires it.
Routine safety inspections provide
valuable information for JHA.
Only safety personnel are involved in JHA.
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JHA Explained
Do you understand:
• What JHA means?
• Purpose of JHA?
• Benefits of JHA?
• How jobs are selected
and who participates
in JHA?
• Inspections to identify
hazards?
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Steps in JHA
Break down the job
Identify the hazards
Evaluate the hazards
Determine safe procedures and
protective measures
Revise the JHA
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STEP 1
Break Down the Job
• List each task in order of
occurrence
• Describe each action
• Consider the conditions
• Think about safety issues
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STEP 2
Identify the Hazards
• Impact
• Penetration
• Being caught between
pinch points
• Harmful airborne
contaminants
• Repetitive motions and
awkward postures
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STEP 2
Identify the Hazards (cont.)
•
•
•
•
•
•
Heat/cold
Compression
Optical radiation
Chemical exposures
Ionizing radiation
Slippery surfaces
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STEP 3
Evaluate the Hazards
• Is this a safety or
health hazard?
• Could the hazard cause
an injury or illness?
• How serious is the risk?
• Is this hazard always
present?
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STEP 3
Evaluate the Hazards (cont.)
• Are engineering and
administrative controls
effective?
• Is the right PPE
being used?
• Is safety training
creating sufficient
awareness?
• Are protective
measures adequate?
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STEP 4
Determine Safe
Procedures and Protections
• Perform job differently
• Reconfigure work area/
workstations
• Substitute less hazardous
materials
• Change from manual
to mechanical
• Insulating or cleaning
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STEP 4
Determine Safe
Procedures and Protections (cont.)
• Add, improve, change
safety training
• Change tools or
equipment
• Change or add PPE
• Perform certain
tasks less often
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STEP 5
Revise the JHA:
• When an accident,
injury, or work-related
illness occurs
• After a near miss
• When the job changes
• Following an employee
safety complaint
• When equipment is
damaged
• Per scheduled review
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Control Method Hierarchy
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Put the steps in their proper order:
1. Revise the JHA
2. Determine safe procedures and protective measures
3. Break down the job
4. Identify hazards
5. Evaluate the hazards
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JHA Steps
Do you understand:
• How to break down a
job for JHA?
• How to identify hazards?
• How to evaluate
hazards?
• How to determine
safe procedures and
protections?
• When a JHA should
be revised?
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Key Points to Remember
JHA is an essential part of any effective
safety program
You should be familiar with JHA
Your participation in JHA is important
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