FHM TRAINING TOOLS
This training presentation is part of FHM’s
commitment to creating and keeping safe
workplaces.
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that are specific to your industry.
Job Hazard Analysis
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These materials have been developed based on applicable federal laws and regulations in place at the time the materials were created. The program
is being provided for educational and informational purposes only and does not constitute and is not intended to provide OSHA compliance certification,
regulatory compliance, a substitute for any "hands on“ training required by applicable laws and regulations, or other legal or professional advice or
services. By accessing the materials, you assume all responsibility and risk arising from the use of the content contained therein.
©2010 Grainger Safety Services, Inc.
Learning Objectives
Objectives:
►
Comprehensive list of hazards
►
Apply the Job Hazard Analysis
Tool to identify and control
hazards
Agenda
Agenda:
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Common Workplace Hazards
►
The Job Hazard Analysis Tool
►Section 1
Common
Workplace
Hazards
Hazard
Hazard:
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Often associated with a condition or activity that,
if left uncontrolled, can result in an injury or illness
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Identifying hazards and eliminating or controlling
them early will help prevent injuries and illnesses
Common Hazards and Descriptions
Toxic chemical:
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Chemical that exposes a person by absorption through the
skin, inhalation, or through the bloodstream that causes
illness, disease, or death
Flammable chemical:
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Chemical that, when exposed
to heat ignition source, results
in combustion
Corrosive chemical:
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Chemical that, when it comes into
contact with skin, metal, or other
materials, damages the materials
Common Hazards and Descriptions
Explosions caused by chemical
reactions:
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Caused by the physical mixing of
chemicals
Explosions caused by over
pressurization:
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Sudden and violent release of a
large amount of energy due to a
significant pressure difference
Common Hazards and Descriptions
Electrical:
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Contact with exposed conductors
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Overheating or arcing to the
point of combustion
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Electrostatic discharge
►
Loss of electrical power to critical
equipment
Common Hazards and Descriptions
Ergonomic strains:
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Damage of tissue due to over exertion
(strains and sprains) or repetitive
motion
Human error ergonomics:
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System designs, procedures, or
equipment that is error-provocative
Excavation hazards:
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Soil collapse in a trench or excavation
as a result of improper or inadequate
shoring
Fall, slip, and trip hazards:
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Conditions that result in falls (impacts)
from height or traditional walking
surfaces
Common Hazards and Descriptions
Fire or high temperatures:
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Burns to the skin or damage to other organs
Mechanical/Vibration hazards:
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Damage to nerve endings or material
fatigue that results in a safety-critical failure
Mechanical failures:
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Occur when devices exceed designed
capacity or are inadequately maintained
Mechanical hazards:
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Skin, muscle, or body part exposed to
crushing, caught-between, cutting, tearing,
shearing items or equipment
Common Hazards and Descriptions
Noise:
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Resulting in hearing damage or inability
to communicate safety-critical
information
Ionizing radiation:
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Alpha, Beta, Gamma, neutral particles,
and X-rays that cause tissue ionization
of cellular components
Non-ionizing radiation:
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Ultraviolet, visible light, infrared, and
microwaves that cause injury to tissue
by thermal or photochemical means
Common Hazards and Descriptions
Struck by hazards:
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Accelerated mass that strikes the body
Struck against hazards:
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Coming into contact with a surface in which
action was initiated by the person
Temperature extremes:
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Heat stress, exhaustion, hypothermia
Visibility hazards:
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Lack of lighting or obstructed vision that
results in an error or other hazard
Weather phenomena:
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Snow, rain, wind, or ice
►Section 2
The Job Hazard
Analysis Tool
Job Hazard Analysis
Job Hazard Analysis:
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Focuses on the relationship between the worker,
the task, the tools, and the environment
►
A tool to help identify uncontrolled hazards and
take steps to eliminate
The Importance of Job Hazard Analysis
Importance:
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Many workers are injured and killed at the
workplace every day in the United States
►
Preventing workplace injuries and illnesses
involves looking at workplace operations,
establishing proper job procedures, and ensuring
that all employees are trained properly
The Value of JHA
Value:
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Supervisors can use the findings of a job hazard
analysis to eliminate and prevent hazards
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A valuable tool for training new employees in the
steps required to perform their jobs safely
Selecting Jobs for Job Hazard Analysis
Selection:
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Jobs with the highest injury or illness
rates
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Jobs with the potential to cause severe
or disabling injuries or illness, even if
there is no history of previous accidents
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Jobs in which one simple human error
could lead to a severe accident or injury
►
Jobs that are new to your operation or
have undergone changes in processes
and procedures
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Jobs complex enough to require written
instructions
The Steps of JHA
The steps:
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Involve employees
►
Review accident history
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Conduct a preliminary job review
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List, rank, and set priorities for
hazardous jobs
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Outline the steps or tasks
Step One – Involve the Employees
Step One:
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Unique understanding of the job,
and this knowledge is invaluable
for finding hazards
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Minimizes oversights
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Ensure a quality analysis
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Get workers to "buy in" to the
solutions because they will share
ownership in their safety and
health program
Step Two – Review the Accident History
Step Two:
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Accidents and occupational
illnesses that needed medical
treatment
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Losses that required repair or
replacement
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Near miss events in which an
accident or loss did not occur, but
could have
►
These events are indicators that the
existing hazard controls (if any) may
not be adequate and deserve more
scrutiny
Conduct a Preliminary Job Review
Step Three:
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Brainstorm ideas to eliminate or
control those hazards
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If any hazards exist that pose an
immediate danger to an
employee's life or health, take
immediate action to protect the
worker
►
Any problems that can be
corrected easily should be
corrected as soon as possible
Step Four – List, Rank, and Set Priorities
Step Four:
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List jobs with hazards that
present unacceptable risks,
based on those most likely to
occur and with the most severe
consequences
►
These jobs should be your first
priority for analysis
Outline the Steps or Tasks
Outline:
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Record enough information to
describe each job action
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Avoid making the breakdown of
steps too detailed
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Get input from other workers
who have performed the same
job
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Review the job steps with the
employee to make sure you have
not omitted something
The JHA Form
Form:
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Sequence of Basic Job Steps
►
Potential Hazards
►
Recommended Control Measures
Sequence of Basic Job
Steps
Potential Hazards
Recommended Control
Measures
An Example Task for JHA Development
Example:
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What are the steps to
accomplish this job, starting
when the worker gets the initial
work order from their lead
worker?
►
What are the hazards associated
with each step?
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The control measures?
The Four Steps of the JHA Form
Sequence of Basic Job
Steps
►Select
ladder for task
Potential Hazards
►Wrong
type of ladder is
selected
Recommended Control
Measures
►Training
on ladder
selection
►Poster
with selection
matrix
►Transport
ladder to
►Lifting
injury
location
►Collision
with other
►Require
the use of lifting
aids, two-person carry or
spotter
employees
►Facility
►Set-up
ladder at task
damage
►Unstable
base
location
►Ladder
not functioning
►Training
on proper ladder
set-up Ladder inspection
program
properly
►Ascend
ladder to
perform task
►Fall
from ladder during
ascent
►Require
3 points of
contact
►Basket/belt
materials
for tools and
Reviewing the Job Hazard Analysis
Review:
►
Periodically reviewing your job hazard
analysis ensures that it remains current
and continues to help reduce workplace
accidents and injuries
►
It is possible that during the review you
will identify hazards that were not
identified in the initial analysis
►
It is particularly important to review the
job hazard analysis if an illness or injury
occurs on a specific job
►
Any time a job hazard analysis is
revised, train all employees affected by
the changes in the new job methods,
procedures, or protective measures
adopted
Additional Information
Additional information:
►
Job Hazard Analysis. OSHA
Publication 3071. 2002.
►
Safety and Health Management
System e-Tool:
http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/etools
/safetyhealth/mod4_tools_metho
dologies.html