Lecture 13 – October 29, 2012
Union Strategy in 1863 & 64:
Troop Movements:
First, What Happened in 1863? East: Protecting DC/ Pursuing Lee’s Army
West: Dividing, then Subdividing the Confederacy
Vicksburg Campaign [after many attempts and a siege, Union victory 7/4/63]
Chattanooga – Chickamauga campaign – [August – September 1863]
Major Military Initiatives in 1864 - Union’s plans for the winter & spring of 1864
Grant: Assaults on all Fronts! Simultaneous Advance on 5 Fronts:
LA  Mobile, AL [Banks]
Chattanooga  Atlanta [Sherman]
Army of Potomac  ANV [Grant/Meade]
James River  Richmond [Butler]
West VA  Shenandoah Valley [Sigel] – later Sheridan!
Shifting Military Policy
Using African Americans --Confederates Respond to EP, Lincoln Counters Davis’s order
United States Colored Troops – how & where they served / challenges to fighting
Hard Hand of War – Sherman from Atlanta to the Sea
Sheridan in the Shenandoah Valley
POWs – The Evolution of Prisoner Exchange Policy
Prisons – Why Have them? Breakdown of Prisoner Exchange
Were Northern Prisons Just as Bad as Southern Ones?
1863
Lee -vs- Meade
View of Seminary Ridge from Union position
on Cemetery Hill
View of Cemetery Ridge from Confederate position
on Seminary Ridge
Lecture 13 – October 29, 2012
Union Strategy in 1863 & 64:
Troop Movements:
First, What Happened in 1863? East: Protecting DC/ Pursuing Lee’s Army
West: Dividing, then Subdividing the Confederacy
Vicksburg Campaign [after many attempts and a siege, Union victory 7/4/63]
Chattanooga – Chickamauga campaign – [August – September 1863]
Major Military Initiatives in 1864 - Union’s plans for the winter & spring of 1864
Grant: Assaults on all Fronts! Simultaneous Advance on 5 Fronts:
LA  Mobile, AL [Banks]
Chattanooga  Atlanta [Sherman]
Army of Potomac  ANV [Grant/Meade]
James River  Richmond [Butler]
West VA  Shenandoah Valley [Sigel] – later Sheridan!
Shifting Military Policy
Using African Americans --Confederates Respond to EP, Lincoln Counters Davis’s order
United States Colored Troops – how & where they served / challenges to fighting
Hard Hand of War – Sherman from Atlanta to the Sea
Sheridan in the Shenandoah Valley
POWs – The Evolution of Prisoner Exchange Policy
Prisons – Why Have them? Breakdown of Prisoner Exchange
Were Northern Prisons Just as Bad as Southern Ones?
Grant’s 1863 Strategy for Vicksburg
Siege of Vicksburg – Living in Caves
Lecture 13 – October 29, 2012
Union Strategy in 1863 & 64:
Troop Movements:
First, What Happened in 1863? East: Protecting DC/ Pursuing Lee’s Army
West: Dividing, then Subdividing the Confederacy
Vicksburg Campaign [after many attempts and a siege, Union victory 7/4/63]
Chattanooga – Chickamauga campaign – [August – September 1863]
Major Military Initiatives in 1864 - Union’s plans for the winter & spring of 1864
Grant: Assaults on all Fronts! Simultaneous Advance on 5 Fronts:
LA  Mobile, AL [Banks]
Chattanooga  Atlanta [Sherman]
Army of Potomac  ANV [Grant/Meade]
James River  Richmond [Butler]
West VA  Shenandoah Valley [Sigel] – later Sheridan!
Shifting Military Policy
Using African Americans --Confederates Respond to EP, Lincoln Counters Davis’s order
United States Colored Troops – how & where they served / challenges to fighting
Hard Hand of War – Sherman from Atlanta to the Sea
Sheridan in the Shenandoah Valley
POWs – The Evolution of Prisoner Exchange Policy
Prisons – Why Have them? Breakdown of Prisoner Exchange
Were Northern Prisons Just as Bad as Southern Ones?
Thomas Wentworth Higginson
Robert Gould Shaw
Libby Prison, Richmond, VA
Burying the Dead At Andersonville Prison
Captain Henry [Hartmann Heinrich] Wirz,
Superintendent Andersonville Prison
1864 Sketch of a Union Prison Camp
Baseball at Salisbury, NC Prison Camp
Union Prisoner Released
from Andersonville,
Spring 1865
Philip Sheridan –
Union Cavalry Commdr.
chased Confederates back
up the Valley (south) and
laid waste to valley resources.
Georgia Campaign
Grant & Lee in central Virginia