雅思英语
●写作篇
Lisa
WSkills
RITING
温故知新
图表题 写作
图表5种类型
 表格




Table
线图(直线/曲线)
Line graph
柱状图(条形图)
Bar chart
饼图
Pie chart
流程图
Process diagram
Learn the new
while reviewing
the old
WSkills
RITING
第 三 讲
线图 写作
线图主体段写作要点
理解主题,比较差异;
看清趋势,找出极点;
若有交叉,点出说明。 →P226 例题12
注： （可写的地方。）
图表中最高点和最低点都要单独说明。
曲线的连续变化需要说明。
对图表中多条曲线的交叉点进行对比。
考题多为双曲线和三曲线（ The graph
compares…）
对单曲线的准确描写是基础（The graph shows…）
WSkills
riting
复习
1、主体段表示时间推移
的短语有哪些？
问题：
① 表示时间推移的短语（熟记）：
At first, (=initially)
Then,
After that,
From this point onwards,
Finally (=eventually)
…
（不要老是使用 at 6 o’clock,
o’clock来开始一个句子。)
at 8
WSkills
riting
复习
2、主体段表示趋势的动
词有哪些？
问题：
上升-下降-不变-波动
② 表示趋势的短语-动词（熟记）：
 数字趋势动词
 趋势动词替换
1.上升趋势: rise, go
up,
1.上升趋势: increase,
grow, climb, ascend
( jump, surge, soar,
shoot up )
2.下降趋势: fall,
sink, drop, dip,
reduce, go down
3.保持不变: remain
steady, show
no/little change
4.波动: fluctuate
2.下降趋势: decline,
decrease, descend
( plunge, slump)
3.保持不变: level off/out
at, hover at,
stabilize at, reach a
plateau at
WSkills
riting
复习
3、主体段表示趋势的形
容词/副词有哪些？
问题：
速度快-速度慢-幅度大-幅度小
② 表示趋势的短语-形容词（熟记）：
1.速度快: sharp, rapid, dramatic,
drastic
2.速度慢: gradual, slow, steady, gentle
3.幅度大: significant, substantial,
marked
4.幅度小: slight, modest, moderate
注意:
① 以上加 ly 均为副词。
② 表示分别的副词是
respectively
WSkills
riting
复习
4、主体段表示趋势的其
他动词有哪些？
问题：
最高点最低点达到多少占多少预测多少 -
② 表示趋势的短语-其它（熟记）：
1.最高点:
peak at,
reach the highest point at,
2.最低点:
bottom out at,
lowest point at
reach the bottom at,
3.达到多少（量）:
reach, arrive at,
at
amount to,
hit,
the
stand
4.预测（会有）多少:
predict, expect, forecast
句型为：
A is predicted/ expected/forecasted to
reach…
线图主体段写作
总结表示升降、平稳、波动以及最高点和
最低点的句型。
注意数据的表达，放置的位置。
回顾使用过的句型
描述上升
① The period between 10 o’clock and
12 o’clock saw a slight growth in the
number of people in the station, with
the number reaching 280 at midday.
② The next two hours experiences/
witnesses/ saw a sharp rise again,
with 6 pm arriving at 380 people.
( 在哪段时间。。。）
回顾使用过的句型
描述下降
① From this point onwards, the
number plunges to only 100 from 2
pm to 4 pm.
② After 6 pm, the number falls
again, reaching the lowest point
of 130 at 8 pm.
( 从哪儿/何时起。。。）
回顾使用过的句型
描述不变
① At first at 6 am the number of people
at the station stands at only 100.
② Numbers in the following two hours
level off at just under 300 people.
⑴ 站上哪点。。。
⑵ 在哪个时间段保持不变。。。
回顾使用过的句型
描述波动
① As we can see from the line graph,
the number of people using this
station fluctuates over these 16 hours.
② The period from 8 pm to 10 pm sees a
slight rise, but finally the number of
people declines again from 180 at 9 pm
to 135 at 10 pm.
回顾使用过的句型
描述最高点
① Then, the number shoots up over
the next two hours, peaking at 400
at 8 am.
② The next two hours experiences
a sharp rise again, with 6 pm
arriving at 380 people.
回顾使用过的句型
描述最低点
① After that, the number declines
rapidly for two hours, bottoming out at
180 at 10 am.
② From this point onwards, the number
plunges to only 100 from 2 pm to 4 pm.
③ After 6 pm, the number falls again,
reaching the lowest point of 130 at 8 pm.
line chart/curve diagram
主体段模版:
The line chart compares the rate of _____.
It can be clearly seen that _____________.
Male smokers… . In contrast, female
smokers… .
To conclude, we can see that_____________.
★A comparison of … shows that …
while … .
☆A comparative study of … shows that …
while … .
WSkills
RITING
句子写作巩固
引用数据方法
WSkills
riting
你知道吗？
图表主体段写作，第一句话是主题句，
支持句介绍数据时要详尽。
请看例句：
图表引用数据句型：
1. The number picked up in June, rocketing
by almost 500% .
2. There was a marked improvement in July
with the number of visitors surging 400% .
3. The period between May and September saw
a steady growth in the number of visitors
from 70,000 to 140,000 .
4. The gradual rise in visitor numbers from
30,000 to approximately 45,000 in the first
four months was followed by a sharper
increase in May.
WSkills
riting
如何统计数据
There …
表达-1：
从早上6点到8点
看电视的人数有
个小小的增长,由
3%到7%。
WSkills
riting
如何统计数据
表达-1：
从早上6点到8点
看电视的人数有
个小小的增长,由
3%到7%。
There was a slight
rise in the number
of
TV
audiences
from about 3% at
6:00 am to about
7% at 8 am.
WSkills
riting
统计数据句型
The percentage …
表达-2：
百分率一直大
幅下滑，到早
上8点最低降到
约45%。
WSkills
riting
统计数据句型
表达-2：
百分率一直大
幅下滑，到早
上8点最低降到
约45%。
The percentage declined
substantially until 8:00
am, bottoming out at
about 45%.
WSkills
riting
统计数据句型
The next ….
表达-3：
接下来的两个小
时，数字又巨幅
攀升，中午时分
最高达到280。
WSkills
riting
统计数据句型
表达-3：
接下来的两个小
时，数字又巨幅
攀升，中午时分
最高达到280。
The next two hours
witnessed a dramatic
rise in the number
again, with the
number reaching 280
at midday.
WSkills
riting
统计数据句型
However, ….
表达-4：
然而在一天其他的
时间，听收音机的
百分比要比看电视
的百分比低很多。
WSkills
riting
统计数据句型
表达-4：
然而在一天其他的
时间，听收音机的
百分比要比看电视
的百分比低很多。
However, for the
rest of the day,
the percentage of
radio was much
lower than that of
TV.
WSkills
riting
统计数据句型
The price ….
表达-5：
价格在1994年急剧
下挫，不过很快恢
复到了原来水平，
最后冲上新的高点。
WSkills
riting
统计数据句型
表达-5：
价格在1994年急剧
下挫，不过很快恢
复到了原来水平，
最后冲上新的高点。
The price plunged
dramatically in
1994, but then it
regained its
previous level,
before soaring to
a new peak.
WSkills
riting
统计数据句型
In spite of ….
表达-6：
尽管价格波动很
大，但趋势明显
向上。
WSkills
riting
统计数据句型
表达-6：
尽管价格波动很
大，但趋势明显
向上。
In spite of the
sharp fluctuations
in the price, the
trend was obviously
upwards.
线图主体段练习
怎样改写首段?
The graph shows how the amount of
water used world wide changed
between 1900 to 2000.
本题如果是一个图：
主体段可以写三段（一个元素写一段），
也可写两段（类似的合起来写）。
如有两个图，本图就只写一段，如下：
参考范文：
Throughout the century, the largest
quantity of water was used for
agricultural purposes, and this
increased dramatically from about 500
km3 to around 3,000 km3 in the year
2000.（介绍农业用水情况-最高值）Water used
in the industrial and domestic sectors
also increased, but consumption was
minimal until mid-century. （工业和家庭用
水情况-相似值） From 1950 onwards,
industrial use grew steadily to just
over 1,000 km3, while domestic use rose
more slowly to only 800 km3, both far
below the levels of consumption by
agriculture. （工业和家庭,与农业相比较）
线图主体段课后练习
怎样改写首段?
( 先口头用汉语描述。）
1、写几段？
2、怎么写？
WSkills
riting
原文-开首段
【修改】
These curves indicate us
the percentage of the
people above 65 in some
countries during the
period from 1940 to 2040.
We can draw some
conclusions from certain
evident patterns.
The three curves
given in the line
graph show us the
percentage of the
aged people 65 and
above in Japan,
Sweden and USA from
1940 to 2040.
原文 主体段-1
WSkills
riting
The proportion of population aged
above 65 in USA were increasing
slowly from 1940 to 1962(from 9% to
10%), after which there is a sudden
rise to 15% in 1980s. After that, the
percentage began to fall gradually
until 2020, the number at that time
is estimately14%. The next several
years will see a increase to about
17%, and then rocket to 23% in the
last 10 years.
WSkills
riting
修改 主体段-1
The proportion of aged population in
USA increased slowly from 1940 to
1960 (from 9% to 10%). Then there
was a sudden rise to 15% in 1980.
After that, the percentage began to
fall gradually until 2020（14%）.
The next 20 years can be seen a
drastic increase, rocketing to 23%
in the year 2040.
原文 主体段-2
The trend in Sweden is similar to that of USA,
it (代什么？串句。) began at 7% in 1940, a bit less
than that of USA, and increased to 9% until
1962. Then, just like the change of USA, the
proportion climbed more fast and plateaued at
15% in 1980s. Yes there's a little difference
from the States that the curve sores after a
short period gradual decline until 2010 and
reach 20%,(有吗？看错图啦！) which is much higher
than the USA at same time. (不准确) In the last
10 years, elder Swedes increased rapidly after
a 10 year decline, (看错图啦！)and will (主语是
啥？)peak at 26%.
WSkills
riting
修改 主体段-2
The trend of Sweden，at first，is
similar to that of USA. With its
starting percentage at 7% in 1940, a
bit less than that of USA, it increased
to 14% in 1980. Then, unlike the
downward trend of USA, the Sweden
proportion continued to climb, until it
reached 15% in 2000 and 17% in 2020.
Afterwards, the Sweden curve soared,
peaking at 24% in 2040.
WSkills
riting
原文 主体段-3
Japanese saw a consistant（坚实的；可靠的)
decrease form 5% in 1940 to 3% in 1960,
and kept this level for 25 years. (如何算
的？) Then began to rise gradually to 10%
until 2030 (不确切) prospectively (adv.可能；潜
在；预期). A dramatically rising will be
seen in the next 2 years (？) which will
lead the percentage to 25%. Finally,
the proportion of Japanese will end at
(？) 27% in 2040.
(画不出图来。)
WSkills
riting
修改 主体段-3
Japan curve saw a slight decrease form
5% in 1940 to 3% in 1960, and remained
stable
until
1980.
Then,
the
proportion began to pick up, reaching
5% in 2000, and 8% in 2020. After that,
there is a dramatic rise in the next
20 years, leading the percentage to
27% in 2040. ( 能出画图。)
参考：
This chart illustrates the percentage of
elder people aged 65 and more in three
countries, namely Japan, Sweden and
USA from a period of 100 years (19402040). It indicates that by 2040, the
senior will reach to approximately 2028% in all these three countries.
 In 1940, the percentage of the senior people aged
65 or more stood at 5% in Japan,7% in Sweden
and 9% in USA, respectively. Both the
proportion of the aged population in the western
countries increased (Sweden from 6% to 14%,
and USA from 9% to15%) after 40 years, while
that in Japan decreased ( from 5% to 3% ).
However, the USA proportion, unlike that of
Sweden, which kept consistent upward climb to
24%, showed a downward trend afterwards, and
remained this trend until 2020 before it surged to
21% in 2040. As for Japan, it had a slight
increase, regaining its 5% in 2000, and jumping
to 8% in 2020, and finally rocketing to 28% in
2040.
 It's predicted that the percentage of
population aged 65 and over in all these
three countries will ascend dramatically
after the year 2020, especially in 2030 and
2040. And the proportion of Japan will
climb straightly from 8% to 25% in 20
years between 2020 and 2040.
 These curves indicate us the
percentage of the people above 65 in
some countries during the period
from 1940 to 2040. We can draw
some conclusions from certain
evident patterns.
 The proportion of population aged above
65 in USA were increasing slowly from
1940 to 1962(from 9% to 10%), after
which there is a sudden rise to 15% in
1980s. After that, the percentage began to
fall gradually until 2020, the number at
that time is estimately 14%. The next
several years will see a increase to about
17%, and then rocket to 23% in the last
10 years.
 Japanese saw a consistant decrease
form 5% in 1940 to 3% in 1960, and
kept this level for 25 years. Then
began to rise gradually to 10% until
2030 prospectively. A dramatically
rising will be seen in the next 2 years
which will lead the percentage to 25%.
Finally, the proportion of Japanese
will end at 27% in 2040.
 The trend in Sweden is similar to that of
USA, it began at 7% in 1940, a bit less than
that of USA, and increased to 9% until
1962. Then, just like the change of USA,
the proportion climbed more fast and
plateaued at 15% in 1980s. Yes there's a
little difference from the States that the
curve sores after a short period gradual
decline until 2010 and reach 20%, which is
much higher than the USA at same time. In
the last 10 years, elder Swedes increased
rapidly after a 10 year decline, and will
peak at 26%.
 To a sum, all the 3 countries keep the
up rising trend generally. But the
proportion of Japanese will take the
lead finally, though it began with a
very low level.
 After all, these curves indicate us the
percentage of the people above 65 in
some countries during the period from
1940 to 2040. We can draw some
conclusions from certain evident patterns.
 The proportion of population aged above
65 in USA were increasing slowly from
1940 to 1962(from 9% to 10%), after
which there is a sudden rise to 15% in
1980s. After that, the percentage began to
fall gradually until 2020, the number at
that time is estimately 14%. The next
several years will see a increase to about
17%, and then rocket to 23% in the last
10 years.
 The trend in Sweden is similar to that of
USA, it began at 7% in 1940, a bit less than
that of USA, and increased to 9% until
1962. Then, just like the change of USA,
the proportion climbed more fast and
plateaued at 15% in 1980s. Yes there's a
little difference from the States that the
curve sores after a short period gradual
decline until 2010 and reach 20%, which is
much higher than the USA at same time. In
the last 10 years, elder Swedes increased
rapidly after a 10 year decline, and will
peak at 26%.
 Japanese saw a consistent decrease from
5% in 1940 to 3% in 1960, and kept this
level for 25 years. Then began to rise
gradually to 10% until 2030 prospectively.
A dramatically rising will be seen in the
next 2 years which will lead the
percentage to 25%. Finally, the
proportion of Japanese will end at 27%
in 2040.
 To a sum, all the 3 countries keep the up
rising trend generally. But the proportion
of Japanese will take the lead finally,
though it began with a very low level.
After all, these countries are all getting in
to the AGED society in prospect.(302
words, 22mins)