Unit 4 Grammar
Attributive Clause
Lectured by Wu Binhua
定语从句（Attributive Clause）
学习目标
 能识别定语从句
 能运用定语从句描述人和物
 能够根据语境选用合适的关系代词
A beautiful house
The fastest man
The red
The green
The small
The big
形容词作定语
apple
句子做定语
The apple which is red is mine.
The apple which is green is yours.
The apple which is red is small.
The apple which is green is big.
The handsome
The strong
The clever
The naughty
boy
The boy who is handsome is Harry Potter.
The boy who is strong is Harry Potter.
The boy who is clever is Harry Potter.
The boy who is naughty is Harry Potter.
Qing Lai School’s Monthly Test
A dialogue after the test
• A: I did very bad in last exam. I think I am a loser.
• B: Take it easy! It is just an exam. I believe you will
be better next time. You know “God helps those who
helps themselves”.
• A: Yes, you are right. “He who laughs last laughs
best”.
• B: If you study hard, you will be the man. As an old
Chinese saying goes, “He who doesn’t reach the
Great Wall is not a true man”.
Attributive clause
•
•
•
•
•
God helps those who help themselves.
天助自助者。
He who laughs last laughs best.
谁笑到最后，谁笑得最甜。
He who doesn’t reach the great wall is not a
true man.
• 不到长城非好汉。
Attributive Clause
用一句话来修饰一个名词或者代词的句子
• An attributive clause gives more information
about something or someone referred to in the
main clause.
God helps those who help themselves.
Main clause
Attributive clause
Different Parts of Attributive Clause
Relative pronoun 关系代词
Relative
Pronoun
God helps those who help themselves.
Antecedent
Function
Function: subject
Antecedent 先行词
功能：在句中做主语
Subject
Object
Point out the antecedent, relative pronoun
and the function of relative pronoun.
•1. I know the girl who is standing over there.
•2. The bike which costs 300 Yuan is my
birthday gift.
•3. We should not look down upon anyone whose
family is poor.
Some examples in reading passage
• 1. (Para 2) A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and
thirty meters wide cut across houses, roads and canals.
• 2. (Para 2) The number of people who were killed or injured
reached more than 400 000.
• 3. (Para 3) Late that afternoon, another big quake which was
almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan.
• 4. (Para 4) The army organized teams to dig out those who
were trapped and to bury the dead.
• 5. (Para 4) Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes
had been destroyed.
Group discussion
• Translate those attributive clauses into Chinese.
• Tell me which is antecedent （先行词）,
which is relative pronoun （关系代词）and
the function of relative pronoun.（代词在句
中功能）
Some examples in reading passage
Antecedent
Relative pronoun
• 1. (P2, 4)A huge crack that was eight
subject
kilometers long and thirty meters wide cut
across houses, roads and canals.
• 一条8千米长30米宽的巨大裂缝横穿房舍、
马路和渠道。
• 2. (P2,8)The number of people who were
killed or injured reached more than 400 000.
• 死伤的人数达到40多万。
• 3．(P3, 7) Late that afternoon, another big
quake which was almost as strong as the first
one shook Tangshan.
• 在下午晚些时候，又一次和第一次一样强
烈的地震震撼着唐山。
• 3. (P4, 4)The army organized teams to dig out
those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
• 军人组成小分队，将被困的人挖出来，将
死者掩埋。
• 5. (P4, 8) Workers built shelters for survivors
whose homes had been destroyed.
• 救援人员为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了
避难所。
定语从句的构成
关系代词
先行词
在从句中的作用 例句
which
指物
。。。
作主语、宾语（可省略）
Who
指人
。。。
作主语、宾语（可省略）
that
whose
指人或物
指人或物
。。。
作主语、宾语（可省略）
作定语
。。。
看图连句
Let me try!
who ran the fastest
The man ____________________________
is Liu Xiang
Liu Xiang is the man ___________________________
who ran the fastest.
who won
Mo Yan is the first Chinese ______________
the
Nobel Literature Prize.
_______________________
Which house is mine?
My house
房顶是棕色的房子是我的
whose roof is brown
The house ______________________
is mine.
Qing Lai is a private school which / that is
_________________________________
supported by Hong He Tobacco Company
关系代词的选择
前看
（看先行词）
人
物
定中间
（关系代词）
who
后看
（看关系词在
从句中的功能)
主语、宾语
whom
宾语
whose
which
定语（谁的）
主语、宾语
that
主语、宾语
做题原则：前看后看定中
Complete
each
sentence
using
间
that, which, who or whose.
• 1. Here are my neighbours ______
whose home was
destroyed by the earthquake.
• 2. The terrible shaking of the building woke up all
who
the people ______were
asleep.
• 3. “The young man was very happy to get back
that)
the gold ring(which/
________
he had lost on the train.”
• 4. Several days later most of the buildings
which/
that had been damaged were repaired.
________
• 1. The prize will go to the writer _____story
C
shows the most imagination. (2011 新课标)
• A. that B. which C. whose D. what
• 2. The old town has narrow streets and small
D
houses ______
are built close to each other.
(2011 山东高考)
• A. they B. where C. what D. that
Some proverbs
• A man who has neglected (忽视)his
studies in youth will regret it in
later years.
• 少壮不努力 老大徒伤悲
• A man who fears suffering is already
suffering from what he fears.
• 害怕痛苦的人 已经在承受他所害怕的痛苦
了
• Friendship is a plant which must be
often watered.
• 友谊之树要常浇水
Summary
An attributive clause is a
clause which gives more
information about someone or
something referred to in the
main clause.
Three parts of an attributive
clause:
antecedents, relative
导与练 47 & 48 语法练习