OGT TERMS
(1-10)
GLOSSARY OF TERMS FOR THE
OHIO GRADUATION TEST
ABSOLUTE MONARCHY
A government totally controlled by a
hereditary ruler, whose commands are
law. (133) One way absolute monarchies are similar
D
to dictatorships is that citizens under both
systems of government typically
A. can elect new leadership by voting in
elections.
B. have greater freedoms than citizens in
democracies.
C. can amend their constitutions by
gathering signatures on petitions.
D. must engage in revolution in order to
achieve governmental change.
2008 Test
How do absolute monarchs
differ from constitutional
monarchs in their ability to
use power?
A. The power of absolute
monarchs is unlimited.
B. The power of absolute
monarchs is maintained
through periodic elections.
C. The power of absolute
monarchs is limited by the
fundamental laws of the
country.
D. The power of absolute
monarchs depends on
continued support from their
political party.
A
AMENDMENT
An addition to the text of the U.S.
Constitution. (127)
One way the U.S. Constitution evolves is
through the amendment process. How
were the changes that occurred as a
result of the ratification of the 19th and
26th Amendments similar?
A. Large groups of people gained the right
to vote.
B. The right of individuals to bear arms
was restricted.
C. The powers of the federal government
were expanded.
D. The separation of church and state was
more clearly defined.
A
2008 Test
Although the 14th Amendment to
the Constitution extended the rights
of citizenship to “all persons” born
or naturalized in the United States,
discrimination on the basis of
gender still existed throughout
much of the country during the late
1800s. Which was a consequence
of this discrimination?
A. the end of the military draft for
women
B. the growth of the women’s
suffrage movement
C. the beginning of sit-ins to
desegregate lunch counters
D. the continuation of efforts to
end university admissions
quotas
B
AMERICAN FEDERATION OF
LABOR
An organization
created in 1881
as a loose
combination of
unions of skilled
workers, like
carpenters. (31)
 Why was the formation of




D
labor unions an effect of
U.S. industrialization in the
late 1800s?
A. Unions were needed to
guarantee a steady supply
of workers.
B. Union membership was
required for employment in
new industries.
C. Factory owners set up
labor unions in order to
control their large workforce.
D. Unions organized
industrial workers to protest
unsafe working conditions
and long workdays
AMERICAN INDIAN
MOVEMENT (AIM)
An organization founded in 1968 to
obtain fairer treatment of American
Indians. (83)
Test Question for AIM
The Indian Tribal Justice Act of 1993 is an example of federal civil
rights legislation. Read the following excerpt from the act:
Indian tribes possess the inherent authority to establish their own
form of government, including tribal justice systems ...
traditional tribal justice practices are essential to the
maintenance of the culture and identity of Indian tribes. ...
This act was an attempt to redress the consequences of
A. the use of internment camps during World War II.
B. past government policies that oppressed and discriminated
against Native Americans.
C. granting citizenship to Native Americans under the 1924
General Citizenship Act.
D. Jim Crow legislation enacted by southern states during the late
1800s and early 1900s.
B
APARTHEID
The former South African policy of
separation of the races and oppression
of South African Blacks. (82)
APARTHEID
APPEASEMENT

The policy of granting
concessions to a
potential aggressor
to avoid conflict. In
the 1930’s British
and French leaders
appeased Adolf
Hitler. (48)
A





Britain and France suffered
heavy casualties during World
War I.
Because of this, when faced
with Axis expansion before
World War II, these countries
were
A. unwilling to take actions that
might start another war.
B. prepared to use military
intervention wherever
necessary.
C. dependent on the United
States to intervene in an
international crisis.
D. reluctant to call upon the
League of Nations to settle
disputes.
Appeasement
ARMENIAN MASSACRE
An act of genocide by the rulers of
Ottoman Turkey during World War I
against Christian Armenians, in which a
half million Armenians died. (85)
BIAS
A strong point of view or prejudice. (153)
Which source of information would be
the most credible (least biased) in
determining the durability of various
brands of computers?
A. a salesman at a computer products
store
B. a neighbor who works for a
computer manufacturing company
C. a television advertisement for the
most popular brand of computer
D. an independent survey of
consumers who have purchased
computer
D
2008 Test
Which source of information
About a candidate for the
school board would likely be
biased?
A televised debate of all the
school board candidates.
B. A copy of the candidate’s
voting record from her
previous term.
C. A letter to the newspaper
editor from a supporter of the
candidate.
D. A copy of the candidate’s
latest income tax return.
C
2009 Test
A newspaper prints an article
about a bill in the U.S. Senate.
What would indicate that the
article is biased in favor of the
bill?
A. The article quotes the entire text
of the bill.
B. The article is printed before the
final vote on the bill.
C. The article quotes only senators
who support the bill.
D. The article indicates that the
president will likely veto the bill.
C
BOXER REBELLION
(1899-1900)
A popular uprising that sought to remove
foreigners and foreign influence from
China in reaction to imperialism. (36)
BOXER REBELLION
(1899-1900)
BROWN v. BOARD OF
EDUCATION (1954)
A landmark U.S. Supreme Court decision
that ordered racially segregated public
schools to be integrated, overturning the
“separate but equal” ruling of Plessy v.
Ferguson. (86)
BROWN v. BOARD OF
EDUCATION (1954)
2008 Test
Minority students in public
Schools
were given constitutional
guarantees to equal
educational opportunities as a
result of the
A. decision in Plessy v.
Ferguson.
B. ratification of the
19th amendment.
C. ratification of the
26th amendment.
D. decision in Brown v. Board
of Education.
D