Gerund
动名词的形式：doing
动名词的否定式：not doing
完成式：having done
被动式：being done
完成被动式: having been done
复合结构：逻辑主语+doing
Study the following sentences:
1. My work is teaching.
2. They regret not informing you of the fact.
3. He confessed having committed murder.
4. He does’t like being flattered.
5. I heard of his having been chosen to be the
coach of the team.
6. I encourage them/their studying science
动名词的作用：动名词在句中可
作主语、宾语、表语、定语、可
以和介词构成的介词短语作状语。
但不能单独作谓语。动名词的复
合结构用“逻辑主语+动名词”构
成。
(1)动名词作主语
Seeing is easier than doing.
Swimming is one of my favorite sports.
Climbing up the mountain will make you
exhausted.
His coming here will be a good help.
His leaving is a great loss.
It is fun playing with children
It is no use/no good crying over spilt milk.
There is no joking about such matters.
There is no getting along with him.
简直无法与他相处
(2) 动名词作宾语
I cannot help laughing.
You should avoid quarrelling with your sister.
I admitted taking the watch.
Excuse my interrupting you for a while
I don’t doubt their wanting to help.
 I reached him by calling his office.

 We
are thinking of making a new plan for this
term.
The police arrested him for speeding.
 I'm sorry for giving you so much trouble.

注意：
（1）有些及物动词后既可用动名词作宾语，也可用不定式
作宾语，但是两种结构在意义上存在一定的差别：动名词表
一般习惯，泛指已成为过去的动作，时间概念不强；而不定
式表示的动作往往是具体的或特指的动作，表现在或将来的
动作。
remember, regret，stop, go on, mean,like, love,
hate,try, begin, start,等。
（2）在want, need, deserve, require等词后,要用动名词的
主动形式表达被动意思。
(3)动名词作表语
That is asking for trouble.
My work is teaching.
Her job was keeping the hall as clean as
possible.
Our gole is realizing the four modernizations
in the near future.
The best policy is being honest.
His aim is everybody having a good time.
His trouble is having tried every means and
being still poor.
(4)动名词作定语
1. sleeping car 卧车
2. walking stick 手杖
3. printing shop 印务馆
4. reading room 阅读室
5. swimming pool 泳池
6. washing machine 洗衣机
7. dining room 饭厅
(Compare)
swimming pool 游泳池=the pool for swimming
working people 劳动人= the people who are working
(5)动名词放在介词后构成介词短语，可以
作定语，表语，状语的作用，
The simplest kind of advertising is the
classified ad .
They are against using so many animals in
experiments .
They went to the front by riding in the truck.
With all his boasting,he achieved very little.
(6) 动名词的复合结构：
（a）动名词逻辑主语是有生命名词时，用名词或代
词所有格，作主语时，逻辑主语只有所有格，若作
宾语，可用通格。
Tom’s coming is what we have expected.
Mother dislike me/my working late.
(b)逻辑主语是无生命名词或抽象概念时，只能用通
格。
Is there any hope of our team winning the match?
She is fond of coffee being served after dinner.
(c)逻辑主语是以s结尾的名词或是一个以上名词构成
的词组，只用通格。
It was unexpected the students finishing the exam so
soon.
I don’t like Mary and Herry speaking ill of each other.
(d)逻辑主语是数词，指示代词，不定代词时，一般
用通格。
In spite of the four telling the same story, I couldn’t
believe it.
He was awakened by somebody shouting outside.
He disapproved of that being said about Jane.
(10) Useful sentences about the grammar
Seeing is believing.
It’s no use waiting here.
No one can avoid being influenced by one’s
surroundings.
He resents being called by his wickname
The film is worth seeing twice.
He resents being called by his wickname
Read aloud all
the example
sentences on
each page.