Unification of Italy
Ch 16. Sec1
Nationalist in Italy

Italians were inspired by the French
Revolution.
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•
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Congress of Vienna kept Italy separated.
Austria controlled portions of northern Italy.
Other independent states kept unification hard to do.
A group of Italian tried to keep it alive.
• This group was called the Risorgimento ”resurgence”.
•
Secret society.
Giuseppe Mazzini

Formed the Young Italy movement.
• Forced Austrian out of Lombardy and Venetia.
• Seized control of Rome
• A republic was formed by Mazzini and two
other leaders.
• His victories were not long lived.
• Austria gain control of northern states.
• Only Sardinia remained independent.
Sardinia


Was ruled by King Victor Emmanuel II.
Chief Minister was Camillo Benso di
Cavour.
• Was more powerful than King.
• Wanted to expand Sardinian territory.
• Wanted to lead in uniting Italy.
• He strengthened the military and Industry.
• Allied with France and England.
Sardinia and France

Austria was the
greatest barrier to
Italian unity.
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French Emperor
Napoleon III wanted to
increase French
influence in Italy.
Cavour hoped that
with Austria out, Italian
states would join with
him.
War with Austria


Sardinia provoked Austria to war and
France sent troops to help.
Austria was quickly defeated in Italy.
• States of Lombardy, Venetia, Tuscany,
•
Modena, and Parma join Sardinia.
French signs treaty with Austria.
• Austria gets Ventia back.
France gets Nice and
Savoy. Sardinia gets Lombardy.
Unifying the South
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Southern half of Italy was made up of the
Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.
Giuseppe Garibaldi was leader of nationalistic
movement.
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•
Formed and army of 1,000 men and captured Sicily
and Naples.
Marched to Papal States.
• Cavour thought that Garibaldi was becoming to popular
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and set up his own republic.
Garibaldi stepped aside for Sardinia.
Problems of Unification
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Papal states were added to Italy by 1870
and Austria was ran out of Italy in 1866.
Few Italians had experienced selfgovernment.
There were cultural differences between
the south and north.
• North was more industrial and south
agricultural.