The Port Phillip
District
Immigration
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Why come?
Europeans began arriving on the shores of what
was to become know as Port Phillip in the
1820s.
Immigration
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Push
Horrendous conditions in Great Britain
The land grab from Van Diemons land/over
crowding
Pull
The lure of lush pastures and free land
Free from convict taint.
HOW?
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Shipping Agents (see Mirams etal)
Govt sponsorship
Paid your own way
Freed/pardoned convicts
Overland (inter-colonial migration)
Ideas about land ownership
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Pre-conceived ideas about social organisation,
law, culture and the means of production
Civilised man
Development of towns
Agriculture and horticulture
Molesting/manipulating the land
Marvellous Melbourne
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Melbourne, originally known as ‘Bearbass’ was
established in 1835 (officially 1837)
Fawkner and Batman debate (who settled?)
Visions for the colony
Trade port
Intellectual city
Advancement and infrastructure
Visions for the colony
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Governor Bourke
Robert Hoddle (surveyor)
Charles LaTrobe (1st Governor)
John Pascoe Fawkner
Redmond Barry (judge/ benefactor)
Francis Ormond (businessman/ philanthropist
Indigenous Australians
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Traditional mode of living / “to the Aborigines land was life itself ”
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Reciprocity
Hunter - gatherer society
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Impact of European settlement
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Dispossession (physical and cultural)
Vices (a serious moral failing, immoral practice or undesirable habit)
Violence
Disease
Advancement
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Responses
Government response
- protectorate
- exclusions (forbidden to carry guns, La Trobe
ordered Aborigines from central Melbourne)
Settler’s response
- benign/ benevolent
- aggressive
- inclusive
Aboriginal response
- submissive
- aggressive
-assertive/proactive
The Protectorate
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What was its role?
What were the aims?
Who was involved?
Why did it fail?
VICTORIA: MELBOURNE 1851
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Separation: Why was this essential to the colony?
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Township & infrastructure: The making of Marvelous
Melbourne
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Immigration: Impact (benefits and disadvantage)
GOLD
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Gold – discovery 1851 near Bathurst
Transformed the colony from an agricultural outpost to a
thriving metropolis
Settlements - Ballarat, Bendigo, Castlemaine, Clunes, Daylesford,
Geelong, Heathcote, Warrandyte
What did the discovery of gold represent for the colony and the
colonists?
Short-term impact
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Mass migration
Establishment of new towns
Family abandonment
Moral decay
Illnesses
New businesses
Environmental degradation
Long-term impact
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Metropolis that was Melbourne
Economics/Wealth/prosperity
Population (Chinese, Germans, Irish etc)
Politics
Cultural and educational advances
The Land question- the selection Acts
Environment
Life on the diggings
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The diggings
Men (fossickers, shop owners etc)
Women (wives, mothers, entertainers etc)
Migrants (Irish, Italians, Americans, Chinese, Germans etc)
Natives
Native police (1837 – 1853)
Eureka and outcomes 1854
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Background
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Licence fees and hunts
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Police brutality
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Events
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Scobie murder
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Bakery hotel
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People/groups/concepts
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Chartism
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The Ballarat Reform League
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Peter Lalor
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Outcome
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Gold Commission
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Licence fee £1
Political visions
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Male franchise
Self-Government - the vote 1854
8 hour day (888) - 1856
1860 - 1888
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Transforming the colony
National identity
Riding on the sheep’s back
Working mans paradise
Anti-immigrant
Assimilation
New labour market (Chinese and Kanakas)
Unionism
Urbanisation
Industrialisation (railways, telecommunications, trade)
Free and secular education 1866