World History
Forms of Control
 European countries demanded influence over the
economic, political and social lives of the people in
Africa
 They wanted to shape Africa in a way that would
benefit European economies
 They also wanted Africans to adopt European customs
Forms of Control
 Europeans developed four forms of colonial control
1. Colony
2. Protectorate
3. Sphere of influence
4. Economic imperialism
Colony
 Colony- A country or territory governed internally by a
foreign power
 Example- Somaliland in East Africa was a French
colony. Before independence the U.S. was a British
colony
Protectorate
 Protectorate-A country or territory with its own
internal government but under the control of an
outside power
 Example- Britain established a protectorate over the
Niger river Delta
Sphere of Influence
 Sphere of Influence- An area in which an outside
power claims exclusive investment and trading rights
 Example-Liberia was under the sphere of influence of
the U.S.
Economic Imperialism
 Economic Imperialism- An independent but less
developed country controlled by private businesses
rather than governments
 Example- The Dole Fruit Company controlled
pineapple trade in Hawaii
Imperial Management Methods
Indirect Control
Direct Control
• Local government officials
used
• Foreign officials are
brought in to rule
• Limited self rule
• No self-rule
• Goal- to develop future
leaders
• Goal-assimilation
• Governments are based on
European style but have
local leaders
• Government is based only
on European style
Imperial Management Methods
 Indirect Control allowed that country to have some
independence
 Direct Control expected to control everything
 These countries believed that Africans were unable to
handle running their country
 They established policies of paternalism and
assimilation
paternalism and assimilation
 paternalism- governing people like children.
Providing for their needs but not giving them rights
 assimilation- based on the idea that local
populations would adopt European culture and
become like the Europeans. This view regarded African
culture as inferior
Assignment
 1. In what areas did Europeans want to influence Africa?
 2. What were the four manage methods used to control
African nations?
 3. Choose two of these methods and explain them. Also
provide an example of each.
 4. Differentiate between direct and indirect control of a
country.
 5. Define paternalism and assimilation.