NATURE, ELEMENTS,
AND PROCESS OF
COMMUNICATION
"Communication is a process of sharing and
conveying messages or information from one
person to another within and across channels,
contexts, media, and cultures." (McCornack, as
cited by Sipacio & Balgos, 2016)
ELEMENTS
NATURE
1. Communication is a process.
2.
It occurs between 2 or more
people.
3.
It can be expressed through
written or spoken words, actions,
or both verbal and nonverbal at
the same time.
PROCESS
1. Speaker – the source
2. Message – the information, ideas, or thoughts being
conveyed
3. Encoding – the process of converting the message into
words, actions, or other forms that the speaker understands
4. Channel – the medium or the means, such as personal or
non-personal, verbal or nonverbal, in which the encoded
message is conveyed
5. Decoding – the process of interpreting the encoded message
by the receiver
6. Receiver – the recipient of the message of the message
7. Feedback – the reactions, responses, or information provided
by the receiver
8. Context – the environment where communication takes place
9. Barrier – the factors that affect the flow of communication
FUNCTIONS
1.
To CONTROL the behavior
1. The speaker generates an idea.
2.
To INTERACT with others
2.
3.
To MOTIVATE people to live
He encodes or gives the idea
better
either through words or actions.
3.
He sends the message.
4. To EXPRESS one's feelings and
emotions
4. The receiver gets the messages.
5.
He decodes or interprets the
5. To DISSEMINATE information to
others
message.
6.
He provides a feeback.
FEATURES
1.
Completeness
2.
Conciseness
3.
Consideration
4.
Concreteness
5.
Courtesy
6.
Clarity or Clearness
7.
Correctness or Accurcacy
BARRIERS
1.
Emotional barrier
2.
Use of jargons
3.
Lack of confidence
4.
Noisy environment
NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION
Nonverbal communication refers to an interaction where behavior is used
to convey and represent meanings. All kinds of human responses that are
not expressed in words are classified as nonverbal communication.
SOURCE:
Sipacio and Balgos (2016). Oral Communication in Context.
C & E Publishing, Inc. Quezon City, Philippines