Cell Organelle Chart Name Prokaryotic/ Plant/Animal Description Function Separates the cell from outside environment Selectively permeable Additional support, protection Gives cell its shape A, P Flexible boundary that surrounds the cell Bi-layer of proteins & lipids Rigid Structure outside plasma memb Made of cellulose Contains DNA (directions to make proteins) A, P Double memb layer that surrounds nucleus Nuclear Pores A, P 1000s of pores in nuclear envelope Allows material to move into & out of Nucleus (RNA pass through pores) Allow material to move into & out of Nucleus Chromatin A, P Cell Membrane Pro, A, P Cell Wall Pro, P Nucleus Nuclear membrane/ Envelope Chromosome A, P Granular material within nucleus DNA bound to protein Distinct threadlike Contains genetic info Small dense region in nucleus Nucleolus A, P Controls the cell activities Condenses to form chromosome at the time of cell division Blueprint - controls cell activity Pass on genetic info to next generation Assembly of ribosomes take place here Cytoplasm Cytoskeleton Cilia/ Flagella Pro, A, P Clear Gelatinous(jelly) fluid inside the cell Chemical reactions take place here Network of protein filaments Helps the cell to maintain its shape & 3 D structure Cell movement Cell Movement A, P A Short/long projections of microtubules Hollow tubes of protein Microtubule A, P Long thin fibers Microfilament A, P Tiny , abundant Made of RNA & Protein Site of protein synthesis Ribosome Pro, A, P Endoplasmic Reticulum A, P Highly folded memb in cytoplasm 1. Rough E.R. (ribosome) 2. Smooth E.R. (no ribosomes) A, P Flattened stack of tubular memb Found near cell memb Golgi Apparatus Maintain cell shape Form cilia/flagella Separate chromosomes in cell division Maintain cell shape Cell movement & support Connects membrane Moves material Process protein Smooth E.R. – production & storage of carbs & lipid Sorts & packs protein into vesicle & transports them Lysosome Vacuole Mitochondrion Contains digestive enzymes Digests food, bacteria, worn out organelle Sac (membrane bound) Stores food, enzyme, and other material Support Power house of cell – produces energy for growth, development, and movement Helps in cell division (mitosis) Helps in forming flagella and cilia Captures light & converts it into chemical energy Pigment chlorophyll (photosynthesis) A P, A (small or none) A, P Centrioles/ Basal bodies A Chloroplast P Double membrane bound organelle Small structure outside nucleus formed from microtubules Double membrane bound organelle Pigment chlorophyll is present in inner menb