Chapter 18: Basic Overview of Classification
WHY CLASSIFY?
1)
2)
TAXONS: Linnaeus’s System of Classification (1700’s), based off____________________________________
K
P
C
O
F
G
S
Common Names versus Scientific Names:
ASSIGNING SCIENTIFIC NAMES
Binomial Nomenclature (Current): The process by which each species is assigned a _________ part name
based off the ___________ and _____________ taxon.
Rules for Naming:
1. Must be _____________ or ___________________.
2. First name is _____________. (Genus) Second name is ______________. (species)
3. The ______________ name should be Latinized description of an important trait of
the organism.
MODERN EVOLUTIONARY CLASSIFICATION
Evolutionary classification: Biologist now group organisms in categories that represent lines of
__________________ descent, not just physical similarities.

Cladograms: A diagram that shows the ___________________________ relationships among a
group of organisms. (Do the Quick Lab on Page 453)
Kingdoms and Domains
How organisms have been classified over the years
1700’s
Late
1800’s
1950’s
1990’s
Molecular analyses have given rise to a new taxonomic category that is now recognized by many scientists.
The _____________________ is a more inclusive category than any other – larger than a kingdom.
Classification of Living Things
Domain
Kingdom
Archaea
Archaebacteria
Bacteria
Eubacteria
Eukarya
Protist
Fungi
Plant
Animal
Cell Type
Number of
Cells
Mode of
Nutrition
Examples
Important Vocabulary for Classification
Cell Type
Number of Cells
Mode of Nutrition
Prokaryotic Cell
Unicellular
Autotroph
Eukaryotic Cell
Multicellular
Heterotroph