Bell Ringer

 Get into your groups and pass your document to
Adam…
“Hate it or love it the underdog's on top
And I'm gonna shine homie until my heart
stop”
- King James I
Monarchs clash with
Parliament

 What was the goal of the monarch?
 To free themselves from any restrictions that nobility
or parliament would place on them.
 Why do you think the Monarch clashes with
Parliament in England???
Monarchs clash with
Parliament

 Elizabeth had no children…
 James Stuart – Cousin, King of Scotland.
 1603 – King James I of England
 England and Scotland were not united until 1707,
they now shared a ruler.
King James I

James’s Problem

 Inherited Issues:
 - How much power does parliament have in
governing?
 James believed he had absolute authority and was
not able to flatter parliament like Elizabeth.
James’s Problem

 Parliament:
 - Reluctant to pay for his royal court and foreign
wars
 - James offended the Puritans of the Parliament
 James= Calvinist
 Puritans = expected James to make reforms to the
church.
 James = hated to be told what to do, did nothing
except translate a bible.
Charles I fights
Parliament

 1625 – James I died
 Son – Charles I took the throne
 Always in need of money…
 Why???
 War with Spain and France
 When Parliament refused to give money he
dissolved it.
King Charles I

Charles I fights
Parliament

 1628 – Charles called Parliament for more money.
 They refused to sign it until he signed the Petition of
Right.
Petition of Right

 Four points:
 Not imprison subjects without due cause.
 Not levy taxes without Parliament’s consent.
 Not house soldiers in private homes.
 Not impose martial law in peacetime.
 See any similarities in our constitution?
English Civil War

 1642:
 Charles tried to arrest members of parliament.
 - Tried to force a prayer book on Scotland.
 Scots rebelled and he needed money.
 Parliament opposed him.
Bell Ringer

 Explain the Thirty years war.
 Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II closed Protestant
churches in Bohemia. Protestants revolted which led
to an eventual war.
 A conflict over religion, over territory, and for power
among European ruling families.
 2 phases:
 Hapsburg triumphs
 Hapsburg defeats
English Civil War
1642- 1649

Royalist or Cavaliers
Roundheads
English Civil War

 Both sides could not get an upper hand.
 Puritans found victory in Oliver Cromwell.
 - 1646- Cromwell’s forces defeated the Cavaliers and
imprisoned the king.
 1649 – Charles I was put on a trial for treason and
put to death.
 - How do you think he died?
Charles I death

 Why would it be a big deal that Charles I was put to
death publicly?
 Kings had been overthrown.
 - Killed in battle
 - Assassinated
 - Put to death silently
 No king had ever faced a public trial and public
death.
Cromwell’s Rule

 1649: Abolished the Monarchy and House of Lords.
 -Invaded Ireland killing an est. 616,000.
 - Established a commonwealth: Republic
 1653: sent home Parliament
 Created a constitution (first of the Modern European
states)
Cromwell’s Rule

 Eventually tore up the document and ruled as a
military dictator.
 Abolished theater and other activities – Sinful.
 Favored Religious toleration and welcomed back
Jews (expelled 1290)
 Except for Catholics.
Cromwell’s Death

 Died 1658
 People tired of military rule
 Elect a new parliament
 Parliament ask Charles II (son of Charles I) to rule.