The Cell Cycle and Mitosis
1. The function of the cell cycle is to produce daughter cells that _____.
A. are genetically identical to the parent cell (assuming no mutation has occurred)
B. have the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell but not the same genetic
content
C. have a random assortment of maternal and paternal chromosomes
D. have the same number of chromatids as the parent cell had chromosomes
E. none of the above
2. Sister chromatids _____.
A. are created when DNA is replicated
B. are attached at the centromere prior to division
C. are separated during mitosis
D. have matching copies of the chromosome's DNA
E. all of the above
3. The complex of DNA and protein that makes up a eukaryotic chromosome is properly
called _____.
A. a chromatid
B. a chloroplast
C. chromatin
D. a chromoplast
E. a centrosome
4. The region of a chromosome holding the two double strands of replicated DNA
together is called _____.
A. chromatin
B. a centriole
C. a centromere
D. a chromatid
E. an aster
5. If an intestinal cell in a grasshopper contains 24 chromosomes, during the G2 phase of
the cell cycle it would contain _____ chromosomes.
A. 3
B. 6
C. 12
D. 24
E. 48
6. The centromere is a region in which _____.
A. chromosomes become aligned during metaphase
B. microtubules are fastened to the centrioles during anaphase
C. the new cell plate forms in telophase
D. sister chromatids are attached to one another in prophase
E. the chromosomes are connected to the cell plate in metaphase
7. A cell entering the cell cycle with 32 chromosomes will produce two daughter cells,
each with _____.
A. 16 chromosomes
B. 32 chromosomes
C. 32 pairs of chromosomes
D. 64 pairs of chromosomes
E. none of the above
8. "Cytokinesis" refers to _____.
A. division of the entire cell
B. division of the nucleus
C. division of the cytoplasm
D. reduction in the number of chromosomes
E. movement of a cell from one place to another
9. Chromatids are _____.
A. found only in aberrant chromosomes
B. held together by the centrioles
C. identical copies of each other if they are part of the same chromosome
D. the bacterial equivalent of eukaryotic chromosomes
E. composed of RNA
10. If a cell contains 60 chromatids at the start of mitosis, how many chromosomes will
be found in each daughter cell at the completion of the cell cycle?
A. 15
B. 30
C. 45
D. 60
E. 120
11. A biochemist measured the amount of DNA in cells growing in the laboratory and
found that the quantity of DNA in the cells doubled _____.
A. between prophase and anaphase
B. between the G1 and G2 phases
C. during the M phase of the cell cycle
D. between the G2 phase and prophase
E. between anaphase and telophase
12. During interphase the genetic material of a typical eukaryotic cell is _____.
A. dispersed in the nucleus as long strands of chromatin
B. dispersed in the cytoplasm as long strands of chromatin
C. condensed and the chromosomes are often visible under the light microscope
D. attached to microtubule spindle fibers
E. transported through the nuclear pores
13. Chromatids form _____.
A. during G1
B. during G2
C. during the S phase
D. at the start of mitosis
E. at the start of meiosis
14. Which one of the following does not occur during, or because of, mitosis?
A. the production of two genetically identical daughter cells
B. condensed chromatin
C. separation of chromatids
D. replication of chromosomes
E. alignment of chromosomes along the cell's equator
15. In the telophase of mitosis, the mitotic spindle breaks down and the chromatin
uncoils. This is essentially the opposite of what happens in _____.
A. prophase
B. interphase
C. metaphase
D. S phase
E. anaphase
16. Which of the following phases of mitosis is essentially the opposite of prometaphase
in terms of the nuclear envelope?
A. telophase
B. metaphase
C. S phase
D. interphase
E. anaphase
17. At which point in the cell cycle do centrosomes begin to move apart to two poles of
the cell in a dividing human skin cell?
A. S phase
B. G2 phase
C. prophase
D. metaphase
E. anaphase
18. The phase of mitosis during which the chromosomes move toward separate poles of
the cell is _____.
A. telophase
B. anaphase
C. metaphase
D. prophase
E. prometaphase
19. One event occurring during prophase is _____.
A. the beginning of the formation of a spindle apparatus
B. the synthesis of a new nuclear envelope
C. the alignment of chromosomes in a single plane
D. cytokinesis
E. division of the centromere
20. During anaphase of mitosis _____.
A. the centromeres divide
B. the centrioles are at opposite poles
C. a spindle made of microtubules is present
D. identical chromatids move to opposite poles
E. all of the above
21. Which one of the following represents a mismatch or incorrect description?
A. prophase: chromosomes become more tightly coiled
B. metaphase: chromosomes line up on the equatorial plane
C. metaphase: the nuclear envelope disappears
D. anaphase: there is movement of the chromosomes to the poles
E. telophase: chromosomes become more extended
22. Sister chromatids separate during _____.
A. anaphase
B. G1 phase
C. G2 phase
D. metaphase
E. prophase
23. In animal cell mitosis, the cleavage furrow forms during _____.
A. anaphase
B. G1 phase
C. cytokinesis
D. metaphase
E. prophase
24. At which stage of mitosis are chromosomes lined up in one plane in preparation for
their separation to opposite poles of the cell?
A. prophase
B. metaphase
C. anaphase
D. telophase
E. interphase
25. You would know a dividing cell was a plant cell rather than an animal cell if you saw
that _____.
A. it had formed a cell plate
B. it had two pairs of centrioles during prophase
C. it had microtubules
D. the nucleolus was visible during metaphase
E. it had formed a cleavage furrow
26. During binary fission in a bacterium _____. (Concept 12.2) [Hint]
the two DNA molecules float free in the cell and are guided to daughter cells by a
spindle-like apparatus
the origins of replication move apart
the two DNA molecules divide in half, forming four DNA fragments
the two DNA molecules attach to the centrioles
the two DNA molecules break up into plasmids
27. Tissue culture experiments with PDGF demonstrate that without this substance
_____.
A. bacterial cells lose their resistance to antibiotics
B. cells divide in an uncontrolled fashion, confirming its role as a cell division inhibitor
C. fibroblasts fail to divide
D. animal cells are unable to attach to the substratum
E. the various kinases, such as MPF, are unable to bind to cyclin
28. You would be unlikely to see which of the following human cells dividing?
A. nerve cell
B. skin cell
C. cancer cell
D. cell from an embryo
E. intestinal lining cell
29. Observations of cancer cells in culture support the hypothesis that cancer cells _____.
A. do not exhibit density-dependent inhibition
B. produce molecules that inhibit the growth factors required for cell division
C. exhibit anchorage dependence
D. spend the majority of their time in the G0 phase
E. do all of the above
30. Name the 3 phases of interphase:
31. During which phase does the cell commit to cell division:
A. S
B. telophase
C. mitosis
D. G1
E. G2