Macro-molecule
+ elements
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic
Acids
Building
Blocks
(monomers)
Groups
Examples
Functions
Notes
Macro-molecule
Building
Blocks
Groups
Examples
Functions
mono-: glucose
fructose
galactose
mono-, di-:
Energy source
poly-:
starch; food
storage-plants
cellulose: plant
support
glycogen: food
storageanimals
Chiton:
exoskeleton
nutrition
Notes
(monomers)
Carbohydrates
monosaccharides
(simple
sugars)
monodipolysaccharides
poly-: starch,
cellulose,
glycogen,
chiton
triglycerides
(simple lipids)
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic
Acids
fatty acids+
glycerol (3C),
phosphate group
or
fused rings
phosphate,
sugar,
nitrogen base


cholesterol

waxes

coating on plants and
some animals
sucrase
enzymatic
transmembrane
cell membrane
insulin
messengers
antibodies
immunity
muscles, hair,
skin, fingernails
structural
deoxyribonucleic acid
(DNA)
ribonucleic
acid (RNA)
adenosine
Triphosphate
(ATP)



Humans cannot digest cellulose (wood
or the fibers in celery or whole grain).
This fiber acts as “roughage” stimulating
the intestine to secrete mucus to
promote regular bowel movements.
cell membrane
phospholipids
amino
acids
nucleotides:
di-: sucrose
maltose
lactose
cholesterol
derivatives like
hormones
control of the cell
heredity
messenger (mRNA)
organizer (rRNA)
translator(tRNA)
energy shuttle
Reduces water loss, dehydration
bond: peptide bond between carboxyl
and amino group of 2 amino acids.
Bacterial DNA has a main chromosome
plus circular DNA called plasmids
A=T(U); C=G