DO NOW:
questions
HOMEWORK:
Immune projects
The presence of parasites in an
animal will usually result in
1. an increase in meiotic activity within
structures of the host
2. the inability of the host to maintain
homeostasis
3. the death of the host organism within
twenty-four hours
4. an increase in genetic mutation rate in the
Which statement best describes an
immune response?
1. It always produces antibiotics.
2. It usually involves the recognition and
destruction of pathogens.
3. It stimulates asexual reproduction and
resistance in pathogens.
4. It releases red blood cells that destroy
Primarily involve White Blood Cells (WBC’s)
a. Phagocytes: engulf or ingest
foreign invaders
b. Lymphocytes: more specific in
targeting invaders
1. b cells: creates antibodies
2. helper T cells:
coordinates response
3. T cells: kill infected cells
1. Recognition
Lymphocytes
White blood cells called _______________
“patrol” the blood looking for pathogens.
Pathogens are recognized/identified by their
surface structures called ________________
antigens
2. Antibody Production
Once the pathogen is
identified antibodies are
produced which attach to
the antigens on the
pathogen to
spreading of pathogen
prevent__________________
Antibodies are produced
by the B-cells
3. Destruction of Pathogen
Once surrounded by antibodies the T-cells/Killer
T-cells destroy the pathogen by engulfing it
Phagocytosis
through the process of ___________________
4. Memory
Memory B cells “remember” the antibodies
needed to fight this particular pathogen in case
of future invasion
Immunity that you gain
during your life time
Immunity that your are
born with due to
genetics factors
When you produce
your own antibodies
When you receive
ready-made
antibodies
When you receive maternal
antibodies from
breast milk during infancy
_________________________
When you receive antibodies
from another source usually
through ________________
antibiotics
When you are exposed to the
pathogen and you body make
the necessary antibodies
When you are Immunized
which prompts your body to
produce the antibodies
The process in which an individual gains
immunity against a specific pathogen due to
the injection of a vaccine
A solution that contains a weakened form of a
specific pathogen or dead form of a specific
pathogen that is injected into the bloodstream to
prompt an immune response
Do Now:
Describe how the flu vaccine protects the
human body.
In your answer be sure to:
• Identify the substance in the flu vaccine that
stimulates immunity (1)
• State how the human immune system reacts
to the vaccine (1)
• State one reason the flu vaccine does not
protect from viral diseases such as measles. (1)
1) A.I.D.S:
• Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome is
caused by HIV.
• Human Immune Virus – the virus attacks
the Killer T-cells, causing the body to be
unable to fight disease.
• Once infected, a person can be reinfected with a different strain
• when the immune system causes an
overreaction to an antigen
• Results: increase production of histamines,
which causes discomfort.
• Histamines increase blood flow and fluids
to surrounding areas causing sneezing,
runny nose and other irritations.
• Treatment - Antihistamines
When the body goes through the immune
response process and “recognizes” a
pathogen (the new organ), resulting in
immune action.
Results – the organ is destroyed by the
person’s immune system
Prevention
• organ recipient is given
immunosuppressant drugs.
Side effects of immunosuppressant
drugs:
Person is vulnerable to other diseases
due to lack of functioning immune
system.
When the body is unable to
distinguish “itself”.
Body actually begins to attack
itself, causing damage to tissues
leading to other malfunctions.
a. Multiple Sclerosis
b. Lupus
c. Juvenile diabetes
d. Arthritis
e. Cancer