Matakuliah : U0173 / FOTOGRAFI 1
PHOTOGRAPHY 1
History of Photography
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(Summary of topics that will be covered)
- The theory of how an image is created
- The pioneer people in photography
- The different types of photography that is applicable
in today’s industry
- The different types of camera equipment
- The different formats in a camera system
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The Pin Hole Camera (Camera Obscura)
Theory :
Literally : a dark chamber.
Whenever there is a small
round opening (hole) in a dark
enclosed area, light can travel
through this opening to create
an image of the projected
outside surroundings.
*The focus of this image
depends on the distance and
size of the enclosed area (box)
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The Uses Of A Pin Hole Camera
 The basic theory of photography can be back traced to the
earliest days even when the camera have not been invented.
 The first film was not created until 1819. What are some of
the uses of a pin hole camera
 Tracing application : artists in the olden days use PHC as a
source for creating an art work through tracing.
 Soon the pinhole camera were modified with additional
lenses so the image could appear more focused and the
lenses could determine the size (zoom) of the image.
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The Pioneer People in Photography
 Joseph Niépce
 Louis Daguerre
 Henry Fox Talbot
 George Eastman Kodak
(Although that there are many other pioneer photographers
that contributed to today’s photography, we will only
require you to remember these few names.)
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Joseph Nicephore Niépce (Pronounced as Neeps)
• Born in France
• The first person who discovered that an image can be
preserved through a media that is made by a mixture of tar
and other light sensitive ingredients. (Heliographs)
• The first picture was exposed for over 8 hours
• After the discovery, Niépce went to England so his scientific
discovery could be published. But he failed to do so and
went back to France to continue his experiments
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Joseph Niépce
• Shortly after , Niepce met with
Louise Daguerre who was
particularly interested with
Niepce’s discovery
• The two became friends and
shared their valuable findings to
improve the discovery.
• Shortly after (5 years), Niepce
passed away
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Louis Jacques Daguerre
• Daguerre continued on with Niepce invention and worked with it
to further improve the quality.
• Daguerre was able to shorten the exposure from 8 hours to about
10 minutes.
• In 1839, the process was introduced as : Daguerreotype,
a copper plate coated with polished silver and sensitized with
silver iodide. Developed using mercury vapor, giving a direct
positive
• He then became the first person to be able to photograph people
(portraits). Most of his clients were very rich or important
people due to the fact that this was a new technology and was
very expensive
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Examples of the Daguerrotype
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Daguerrotype Portraits
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Daguerrotype Portraits
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Henry Fox Talbot
• Talbot was another scientist in England that pursued
the discovery of creating images (photography)
• Different from the Daguerrotype (which was un
replicable), Talbot created a negative based invention
which allowed him to print multiple images from 1
original source. (invention name / salt print)
• This process was patented by Talbot in 1841, known
as Talbotype (Calotype)
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George Eastman Kodak
• Known as the father of modern photography
• A history of Kodak’s during his childhood
• Created the first pocket / consumer based
camera
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But , what is “Photography”
How would you define photography in your own words?
• Based from the Latin words - Photos & Grafos
which means painting with light
• Capturing an essence of our world
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The 3 most important aspects photography
1. The Camera – The Equipment
2. The Film – Understanding ASA
3. The Light – Lighting Situations
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