Matakuliah
Tahun
Versi
: <<M0164>>/<<End User Information Syste>>
: <<2005>>
: <<1/1i>>
Pertemuan <<17>>
<<Inovasi dan Perencanaan
strategi EUIS>>
1
Learning Outcomes
Pada akhir pertemuan ini, diharapkan mahasiswa
akan mampu :
• Mahasiswa dapat menunjukkan teknik
dalam inovasi : adopsi, infusi, asimilasi
strategi EUIS
2
Outline Materi
• Pengertian perencanaan strategi EUIS
• Karakteristik inovasi individu dan
organisasi
• hubungan teknologi dengan inovasi
• pemakaian teknologi untuk jasa dan
produk
3
Innovation and Strategic
Planning
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Learning Objectives
• Define strategic planning and explain
why it is important to achieving effective
end-user information systems.
• Define characteristics of innovations,
innovative people, and innovative
organizations.
• Understand the relationships between
technology and innovation.
• Discuss the use of technology to deliver
products and services.
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Learning Objectives 2
• Explain how technology can be used to
restructure business processes.
• Give examples of how industries have
used technology to gain a competitive
advantage.
• Explain the role of R&D in developing
technical solutions to problems.
• Offer guidelines for developing an
EUIS strategic plan.
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Adoption, Infusion, and
Assimilation of Technology
Basic Innovation Model
Innovation
(technology adoption)
Infusion
(use)
Assimilation
(integration with business)
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Innovations, Innovators, and Innovative
Enterprises
• Characteristics of innovations
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Innovations, Innovators, and Innovative
Enterprises
• Characteristics of user population
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Innovations, Innovators, and Innovative
Enterprises
The innovativeness of the user population
Innovators
2.5%
_
Early
Adopters
13.5%
x - 2sd
_
Early
Majority
34%
x - sd
_
x
Late
Majority
34% _
Laggards
16%
x + sd
Adopter categorization on the basis of innovativeness
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Characteristics of Innovative
Enterprises
1. Innovation requires flexible management
2. Innovation is an incremental process
3. Successful managers of innovation attack
a problem from several angles
simultaneously
4. Effective managers of innovation allow
for chaos within guidelines
5. Management practices in innovative
companies reflect the realities of the
innovation process itself
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Infusion of Technology:
Descriptive Models
OTA Model of Technological Change
Innovative
technology
Technology may be
modified to suit
needs of users better
Other institutions
may be created, or old ones changed,
to utilize new technology
Competition
between
institutions
Institution
adopts technology to carry out
existing functions more efficiently
Step
1
Institution
changes internally to take better
advantage of new efficiencies
Step
2
Institution
develops new functions and activities
made possible by additional capabilities
of the technology
Step
3
Institution
may become obsolete, be replaced,
or be radically transformed
Step
4
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Infusion of Technology:
Descriptive Models
Day’s five stages of office systems
evolution
1. Conception
2. Initiation
3. Contagion
4. Consolidation
5. Creative evolution
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Using Technology to Redesign
Business Processes
Using technology as a catalyst for
improving performance
– Replacing old procedures
– Eliminating work and combining tasks
– Finding synergy between technology and
people
– Changing job roles
– Integrating functions
– Making systems analysis more innovative
– Translating problems into opportunities
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Using Technology to Redesign
Business Processes
Using technology to gain
competitive advantage
– Nurturing Innovation
– Supporting research and
development
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Strategic Planning for EUIS
What is strategic planning for EUIS?
Strategy
Feedback
Loop
Organization
Information
Technology
Technology as an enabler
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Strategic Planning for EUIS
• Why is strategic planning important?
• Objectives of the strategic planning
process
– Determine where the business unit or
enterprise is with regard to a certain
requirement
– Determine where the business unit
should be at a certain date
– Develop strategies to reach that
objective
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Strategic Planning for EUIS
• The strategic planning process
–Where are we?
–Where do we want to go?
–How will we get there?
–When do we want to arrive?
–Who will be responsible?
–How much will it cost?
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Strategic Planning for EUIS
EUIS strategic planning framework
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
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Understand business strategies
Determine critical success factors (CSFs)
Relate CSFs to information factors
Develop information technology assumptions
Conceptualize information systems solutions
Prioritize the solutions
Determine resource requirements
Understand the available resource base
Time-phase the solutions
Formulate an action plan
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Strategic Planning for EUIS
Who should do strategic planning?
The strategic plan
1. Supports business goals as defined in
the corporate strategic plan
2. Responds to management concerns
and changing business requirements
3. Coordinate with overall information
systems or information management
planning
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Key Terms:
•
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•
•
Summary
Adaptation
Assimilation
Catalyst
Compatibility
Competitive advantage
Complexity
Infusion
Innovation
Laggard
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•
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Mission statement
Observability
Policies
Programs
Procedures
Relative advantage
Strategic planning
Synergy
Trialability
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Next:
EUIS Project Management:
Foundations and Overview
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<< PENUTUP>>
Selanjutnya Pert. 18
Inovasi dan Perencanaan EUIS
23