Chemical Basis For Life
Why study chemistry in A&P Class?
 Body functions __________________________
 Cellular functions result __________________
 Chemistry explains _____________________; and helps
_____________________________
Structure of Matter
Matter = anything takes up _________________________
Elements= composed of ___________________________
Bulk elements  required by body in _________________
Trace Elements  requires by body in _______________
Atoms= smallest ______________________
Atomic Structure
Protons carry a ___________________________
Neutrons carry a _____________________________
Electrons  carry a _____________________________
Nucleus  consists of ________________________; central
part of the _____________
Electrons  move _______________________
Atomic Number = ________________________; each element
has a__________________ atomic number
Atomic Mass = ________________________
Isotopes atoms with ________________________ but
______________________________________
What changes?
Ion  an atom that ______________________. What changes?
Molecules
Particles formed when _______________________________
Molecular formula= ________________
Matter & Elements
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Why Atoms Form Bonds
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 Sharing electrons
 Stealing electrons
***Ionic & covalent bond diagrams
*** Structural Formula Diagram
Polar Molecules & Hydrogen Bonds
Molecule with a __________________________________ end
Results when electrons are _____________________________
__________ is the most important polar molecule
Hydrogen Bond attraction between ___________________
_________________________________
*** Why water is polar diagram
Chemical Reactions
Chemical reactions occur when _____________________
among atoms, ions, or molecules
Reactants are substances _______________________
Products are formed at __________________________
A + B  AB
Types of Chemical Reactions
 Synthesis Reaction chemical bonds _______________
____________________
 Decomposition Reaction bonds are _________________
 Exchange Reaction  chemical bonds are _____________
____________________
(AB + CD  AD + AB)
 Reversible Reaction The products can _______________
________________________
Acids + Bases
Electrolytes substances that __________________
Acids  electrolytes that __________________________
Bases  Substances that can _________________________
________________________________
pH scale
0-6.9= ________
7 = _______
7.1-14 = ____________
Organic vs Inorganic Molecules
Organic Molecules
 Contain __________
 _________
 Dissolve in ___________
 _______________________________________
Inorganic Molecules
 No _________
 ________
 Dissolve in ___________
 ______________________________
Inorganic Examples
Water
 Most abundant ___________________________
 _______________
 major _________________________
 important in ____________________________
Oxygen
Used for energy ________________________
CO2
 Waste ________________________
 Must be __________________________
Salts
 Abundant _____________________
 Sources of _____________________
 Important in __________________________
Organic Examples
Carbohydrates
 provide ______________________
 help _______________________
 monosaccharides= __________________
 disaacharides = ______________________
 polysaccharides = _______________________
Lipids
Fats (triglycerides)
 Used for __________
 Long ___________________
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Triglyceride = __________________
Saturated= not easily _________________________
Unsaturated= easily __________________________
Phospholipids are essential to _________________
Steroids = connected rings of carbon used to make
____________________________
Proteins
 _______________________________
 _____________
 ______________
 ____________
 Made from ________________________________
Nucleic Acids
 Make _______________
 Instruct _____________________
 Made from ________________
 ______________________