2.2 Properties of Water
H2 O
# of Protons _________
# of Electrons ________
Atomic Mass ________
The Water Molecule
Polarity – _____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
Hydrogen Bonds
• Because of their partial charges water molecules become attracted to each
other by weak __________________________
•Hydrogen bonds are not as strong as _______________________________________
•Cohesion – ___________________________________________________________
•Adhesion - ___________________________________________________________
Capillary Action
• Def – water climbing up a small tube because of the adhesion to the sides
and the ____________________________________________________
Other Unique Properties of Water
•______________________- water will absorb lots of heat energy with a
minimal temperature increase
•_______________________________ – water will absorb lots of heat
energy with minimal evaporation.
•______________________________– water forms a crystalline structure
that expands and is less dense than its liquid state
•_________________________ – hydrogen bonds hold water together
tightly, so the waters surface acts like a membrane
Solutions
Mixture – a material that consists of 2 or more elements or compounds
______________ mixed together but are not ______________ combined.
Solutions
• All the components of a _______________ are evenly distributed
throughout the solution.
• Solute – __________________________________________________
• Solvent – _________________________________________________
Acids and Bases
Acidity and Alkalinity is measured by the concentration of . . .
• ____________________ [H+]
• __________________ [OH-]
Acids
• Produce ________________ in solution
• If _____________________ then the solution is acidic.
Bases
• Produce ________________ in solution
• If _____________________ then the solution is basic
Neutral
• If ______________________ then the solution is neutral
Measuring Acidity or Alkalinity
pH Scale:
(___________________________) as in Hydrogen ions