As you work through multiple choice questions at the end of the chapter, make sure you can tell what is right about an alternative and what is wrong about an alternative. Chapter 4 Study Guide The Energy of Life 1. What are the component parts of ATP? 2. If we stopped producing ATP, how long would we last? 3. Why are enzymes necessary? What is a “denatured” enzyme? 4. Define substrate and product. Is the enzyme part of the product? 5. If a solute moves down its concentration gradient does it need energy? 6. If a solute moves against its concentration gradient, does it need energy? 7. How is facilitated diffusion different from simple diffusion? Does it require ATP? 8. How is active transport different from facilitated diffusion? How is it similar? 9. When are exocytosis and endocytosis the transport method of choice in a cell? 10. What is the membrane channel error occurring in cystic fibrosis? 11. What are the symptoms of cystic fibrosis? 12. What does the CFTR protein do? 13. What does the cholera toxin do? How does the CFTR protein behave here? 14. Why could we infer that Natural Selection maintains Cystic Fibrosis? 15. What is the graph below showing?