Appendage composed of a single bone (humerus) that articulates with the shoulder
24
Bump on the rear of the ankle bone (calcaneus)
12
Hollow flagella on cells
25
Wishbone or furcula (fused clavicle bones)
13
Cell wall made of cellulose
26
Single lower jaw bone
14
Pores for gas exchange (stomata)
27
Long-lasting placenta
15
Seeds
28
Fingernails instead of claws
16
Flowers
29
Broad, shallow thorax
17
Spiral cell arrangement during development
30
Specialized slicing teeth (large upper fourth premolar and lower first molar)
18
Segmented body
31
Double pulley ankle bone (astragalus)
Time
Archaea
11
Lactobacillus
Flexible bones at back of skull (cranial kinesis)
E. coli
23
green algae
Bony skeleton
fern
10
pine tree
Beta-keratin in the skin
yeast
22
sponge
Jaws and paired appendages
jellyfish
9
octopus
Amniotic egg
snail
21
orchid
sunflower
athlete’s foot
earthworm
Braincase and backbone
spider
8
millipede
Four limbs
crab
20
butterfly
Gill slits (at some point during development)
sea star
7
lamprey
shark
Third pair of head appendages that form jaws
lizard
19
crocodile
Three body tissue layers
T. rex
6
toucan
Different kinds of body tissues
rat
5
chimp
Protein-based support material that is produced by cells
human
4
monkey
Flagella that are located at the back of the cell (e.g., as in sperm cells)
cat
3
bear
Nucleus and organelles
dog
2
whale
Cells
antelope
1
newt
clownfish
mosasaur
kangaroo
coelacanth
The Tree of Life
Traits that evolved
Understanding Evolution — http://evolution.berkeley.edu
© 2014 The University of California Museum of Paleontology, Berkeley, and the Regents of the University of California