Atmosphere and Weather Notes (Chp. 17)
- #1__________________ played the main role in forming the Earth’s early atmosphere.
- We call the mixture of many gases in Earth’s lower atmosphere #2_____________
_____
- The amount of #3______
___ in the air varies with location, season, and time of day
and is therefore not included in the pie chart below.
I.
Composition if the atmosphere:
a. The composition of the atmosphere has remained stable due to Earth’s natural and
#7________
__________
b. Animals breath out the gas #8________ and breath in the gas #9________
c. Plants breath out the gas #10_______ and breath in #11___________
d. The amount of #12_________ in the atmosphere has steadily increased.
e. #13_________ has increased due to the burning of fossil fuels such as
i. #14______________________________
ii. #15______________________________
iii. #16______________________________
f. Energy from the #17_____________ drives the #18___________________ and is essential
to almost all life on earth.
g. Radiation is the transfer of energy through space in the form of #19_____ __
___,
#20___________
____ and other types of #21___________________ ____________.
h. #22_________________________ is the transfer of heat through the collisions of the
atoms or molecules of a substance.
i. #23
________
is the transfer of heat energy in a liquid or gas through
the motion of the fluid caused by differences in density.
Heat and Temperature:
j. #24 Heat
and __Temperature
are related, they are not the same.
k. A large cup of tea has more #25
than a small cup of tea
even though they are at the same temperature.
l. A thermometer measures #26
not #27
.
m. Ice melts at #28
°C and boils at #29______ °C.
II.
Layers of the atmosphere:
#39_____
#30_____________
_
Decreasing Air Pressure
#35__________
#31____________
Altitude
(km)
#40_____
#32____________
#41_____
(moves within
this layer“aurora borealis”
-highly ionized)
#36________
#37________
#33____________
#38________
#42_____
#34____________
-100
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
20
Temperature (C)
#43_______________________________________-closest to earth
i. Nearly 80% of the total mass of the atmosphere
ii. most weather occurs in this layer
iii. most pollutants stay here
#44______________________________________________
i. solar energy absorbed by ozone layer
1. Ozone = O3 absorbs harmful UV rays
2. Without it skin cancer would be high
3. destroyed by chlorofluorocarbons and aircraft fuel
ii. #45_________________________________________ gases remain here
#46_______________________________________________
i. meteors burn up here
#47_______________________________________________
i. highly #48__________________________________ from UV rays from the sun
knocking electrons off oxygen and Nitrogen
ii. can disrupt #49_____________________________________.
iii. northern lights-Aurora Borealis
Thermosphere
i. Temp. increases to above 1000C
Exosphere-outermost layer
i. most satellites are here, basically like space
The pauses-transitions between layers and temperature remains same
i. #50_______________________________________(closest to earth)
ii. #51_______________________________________
iii. #52_______________________________________(furthest from earth)