I-Classification:
grouping of organisms,
to help learn more
about them.
A- Classification: procedure of putting
organisms in groups according to
their.
Structure
Behavior
Food Needs
Chemical make up
1- Organisms are grouped by
individuals with similar body
structures.
2-The more structural similarities
organisms have the more alike
they are.
B- How Organisms are grouped
into Kingdoms:
In 1737, a Swedish scientist
named Carolus Linnaeus devised a
classification system, he grouped
organisms based on internal and
external structures. The largest
groups he called kingdoms. There
are five kingdoms.
1- Five Major Kingdoms.
a- Moneran {Bacteria}
Single celled organisms, that
have NO NUCLEI, or other
organelles. Some carry out
Photosynthesis.
b- Protist: {Amebas}
Most are single celled but
some are multi-cellular.
They HAVE A NUCLEUS
and other organelles.
Some carry out
photosynthesis.
c- Fungus:
{Molds & Mushrooms}
Multicellular
organisms that
absorb food from
dead or living
organisms.
d- Plant:
Multi-cellular
organisms that
undergo
photosynthesis,
and are NOT
mobile.
e- Animal:
Multi-cellular
organisms that
eat other
organisms for
food. Most can
move about on
their own.
C-Subdivisions of the 5 Kingdoms
Kings 1- Kingdoms are divided into Phylum.
Play 2- Phylum into Class.
Chess 3- Class into Order.
On 4- Order into Families.
Flat 5- Families into Genus.
Glass 6- Genus into Species.
Surfaces 7- Species are organisms that can
reproduce with one another.
Group
Wolf
Dog
Horse
Grasshopper
Chimpanzee
Kingdom
Animalia
Animalia
Animalia
Animalia
Animalia
Phylum
Chordate
Chordate
Chordate
Arthropod
Chordate
insectae
Mammalia
Class
Mammalia Mammalia Mammalia
Order
Carnivore
Carnivore
Ungulate
Orthoptera
Primates
Family
Canidae
Canidae
Equidae
Locustidae
Pongidae
Genus
Canis
Canis
Equus
Schistocerca
Pan
Species
lupus
familiaris
caballus
americana
troglodytes
E- Identifying Organisms
D-Naming Organisms
1-Common Names:
Can be confusing.
People who live far apart or speak
different languages may use
different names for the same type of
organism
2-Linnaeus: set up the system for naming
organisms.
He gave each a two word scientific
name = binomial nomenclature.
a- Scientific Name: indicates the Genus
and species.
3- The name is made up of Latin or is
Latinized, put in the form similar to Latin.
4- The first word is the Genus and is
Capitalized.
~The second is the species and is
lower case.
~Scientific Names are underlined
or in Italics.
Felis leo = Lion
Felis domestica = House Cat
Felis tigrus = Tiger
Galeocerdo tigrus = Tiger Shark
Homo sapiens = Human