Review for Final Exam
Format of Test
50 multiple choice questions:
1 essay:
1.8 pt each
10 pts
Ideas and Terms Covered on the Exam
1. Natural selection
2. Elements
a. examples of most common elements, trace elements
b. Subatomic makeup of atom
c. Charges and location of protons, neutrons, electrons, etc.
d. Mass number, atomic number
3. Experimental design
a. control group, experimental group, hypothesis
4. Hydrogen, ionic, and covalent bonds
a. Which types of bonds are found in water and between water molecules
5. Isomers
6. Traits of carbon bonding
a. # of bonds it can form, what type of bonds it can form
b. Characteristics of carbon skeleton
c. What does a double or single bond look like
7. Building blocks of polymers discussed in class (proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids)
8. What is an enzyme? What is the function of enzyme?
a. What are the building blocks for an enzyme? Can it be denatured, if yes . . . How?
9. Differences between plant and animal cells
10. Function of cellular organelles as in table 4.23 - video online
a. Nucleus
b. Ribosome
c. Smooth/rough ER
d. Gogli Apparatus
e. Chloroplast
f. Mitochondrion
11. Osmosis, diffusion, active and passive transport
12. Hypotonic, hypertonic, isotonic solutions and how a cell will react if placed in any of these
solutions
13. Selectively permeable membranes
14. Respiration
a. Equation for respiration
b. Location in cell where it occurs
c. ATP structure and function, production of ATP
d. ATP synthase
15. Differences between fermentation and respiration
16. Photosynthesis
a. Type of light used for photosynthesis
b. Equation for photosynthesis
c. Location where photosynthesis occurs
d. Antioxidants
17. Mitosis
a. Stages of mitosis
b. Order or stages
18. Meiosis
a. Differences between mitosis and meiosis
19. Gregor Mendel
a. Characteristics of his P/F1/F2 generation
20. Genotypes and phenotypes
21. Dominance
a. Recessive, dominant
b. Codominant
c. Incomplete dominance
22. Structure of DNA
23. Replication
24. Transcription
25. Translation
26. Base pairing rules
27. Differentiation
28. Cancer mutations and the rate of occurrence of cancer
29. Directional, stabilizing and disruptive selection
30. Reproductive barriers
31. Def of biological species
32. Antibiotics and evolution of bacterial species