The Civil War
January 12, 2015
Standard: SS8H6
The student will analyze the impact of the Civil
War and Reconstruction on Georgia.
a. Explain the importance of key issues and
events that led to the Civil War; include
slavery, states’ rights, nullification Missouri
Compromise, Compromise of 1850, the
Georgia Platform, Kansas-Nebraska Act, Dred
Scott case, election of 1860, debate over
secession in Georgia, and the role of
Alexander Stephens
Beginnings
• The United States had been slowly moving
toward war for most of the early 1800s
• Things began spiraling out of control after
__________________ was elected president in
___________
• ___________________ seceded from the Union
on December 20, 1860
• They were quickly followed by Mississippi,
Alabama, Georgia, Florida, Louisiana, and
Texas within the next two months.
The Confederacy
• What had been the southern United States
formed the ______________________ on
February 9, 1861
• At first, the ________ was trying to
_____________ negotiate a reunion of the U.S.
• However, on ________________, Fort Sumter,
a Northern-held fort in South Carolina was fired
on by the South, and the war begins
• Virginia then secedes, followed by Arkansas,
Tennessee, and North Carolina
• There are now _______ states in the
Confederacy
Union vs. Confederate
Union Blockade
• When the war started, the Union strategy was to
____________ (obstruct) all Confederate ___________
– This would prevent the South from
__________________________ anything through its ports
• Lincoln issued the blockade on April 19, 1861
• However, Union ships were no match for
________________________
– These were private ships that would zip in and out of the
blockade bringing much needed supplies
• The blockade took its toll, though
– Soon it was difficult to get __________ supplies,
________________ items, _________________ supplies, or
_______________________ replacement parts
Union Blockade
The Battle of Bull Run
• Many in the North believed that the South would
cave early and the war would be over quickly
• However, the Battle of ________________ proved
that the South was not going to back down
• The ___________ suffered heavy losses at Bull
Run, Virginia, and were forced to ___________ to
Washington, D.C.
• After this, President Lincoln realized that the war
would be ______________ than anyone previously
thought
The Battle of Antietam
• By __________, Confederate troops, under the
command of General __________________,
were moving into ___________ territory
• On Sept. 17, 1862 they met Union forces at
__________________, in Sharpsburg, Maryland
• This was the first _____________ of the North
by General Lee, and it was _______ successful
• It was the bloodiest one-day battle of the Civil
War, (23,000 killed, wounded, or missing) and
___________________ troops were forced to
_____________ to Virginia
The Emancipation Proclamation
• The major Confederate loss at Antietam allowed
President Lincoln to issue the
_________________________, which would _______
all _______ as of _____________________
• Lincoln wanted the Confederate states to ____ the war,
and he believed that the Proclamation, along with their
major losses, would push them to ______________
• President Lincoln gave the Confederacy a ___________:
________ the war right away and _________ their
slaves, or keep fighting and __________ their slaves
• The South chose to _______________
• Most slaves, however, were not freed until the
_________________ of the war
The Battle of Gettysburg
• The Battle of ________________(arguably the
most famous of the war), marked a turning point
in the war for both sides
• It was fought _______________ in
_____________, and resulted in a _________
victory that ended General Lee’s second
invasion of the North
• Lee was again forced to __________ to Virginia
and things were never again the same for the
Confederacy
• __________ forces began to _________ more
and more battles, while _________________
forces lost moral and the __________ to fight
The Battle of Vicksburg
• One day after Gettysburg, the town of
____________________, surrendered to
the Union troops
• The town, which lies on the Mississippi
River, had been a major Confederate
_______________
• This Union victory gave them control of the
____________, and __________ the
Confederacy in two, separating them at
the river
The Battle of Chickamauga
• By late ________, Union troops were moving
farther and farther ________, almost into
Georgia
• On ____________________, Union troops
encountered Confederate troops at
__________________, just south of the
Tennessee border in Georgia
• It was a ______________ victory, forcing the
Union back into Tennessee
• However, by __________, the Union had
brought more troops and began advancing into
Georgia
Georgia’s Role in the War
• By the start of the war, ________ (now
Georgia’s capital), was a major
_________ and _____________ center in
the South
• Several different ________ crossed
through the city, making Atlanta important
in getting ______ and _________ to the
battle front
• Union leaders knew that if Atlanta was
captured, then that would effectively end
the Confederate war effort
The Atlanta Campaign
• In early _____, 112,000 Union troops, under the
leadership of General _________________,
were camped in Chattanooga, TN, just across
the Georgia/Tennessee border
• During the late spring and early summer,
General Sherman moved his troops
__________, clashing time and again with
Confederate troops, but always slowly moving
towards _________
The Atlanta Campaign
The Battle of Atlanta
• On ____________, General Sherman
finally reached the city of Atlanta
• He encountered Confederate troops under
the leadership of General John B. Hood
• The battle continued off and on for two
months, and losses were heavy on both
sides, but Sherman eventually _________
Atlanta on _________________
The Burning of Atlanta
• After Sherman captured the city, he and
his soldiers stayed for ___ months
• On _________________, they destroyed
the __________ and _________ by
setting fire to them
• They then marched out on Sherman’s
infamous “March to the Sea”
Sherman’s March to the Sea
• The army moved quickly to ___________,
burning everything in a path 60 miles wide
• They destroyed all ________ targets and farms,
homes, railroads, and bridges that ___________
the Confederate army
• They took a little over ___ month to get to
Savannah, arriving on ____________________
• Sherman took over the city the next day, cutting
off the Confederate army in Virginia from its
southern suppliers
Sherman’s March to the Sea
End of the War
• After the loss of Atlanta and Savannah, the Confederate
war effort ___________ to keep going
• Abraham Lincoln had been ____________ to a second
term as president in 1864
• The only Confederate troops left were Lee’s troops in
Virginia, and a small group in North Carolina
• They tried _____ more time to fight in March 1865, but
failed
• On _______________, the Confederacy surrendered at
Appomattox Courthouse in ____________________
• 5 days later, Abraham Lincoln was shot at Ford’s
Theatre
• He died the next day
Questions – Week 2
Civil War
• 1) After secession, what was the name of the new country formed by
the South?
• 2) When did the Civil War start? Where?
• 3) What was the Union blockade?
• 4) Who was the commander of Confederate troops at Antietam?
• 5) What did the Emancipation Proclamation do?
• 6) When was the Battle of Gettysburg? Who won?
• 7) Why were Georgia and Atlanta important to the Confederate war
effort?
• 8) Who commanded Union troops during the Atlanta Campaign?
• 9) When did Sherman finally capture Atlanta?
• 10) Why do you think Sherman burned Atlanta before he left?
• 11) Where did the March to the Sea end?
• 12) When did the Confederacy surrender?
• 13) How did Abraham Lincoln die?
Questions – Week 2
Civil War
• 1) After secession, what was the name of the new country formed by
the South?
• 2) When did the Civil War start? Where?
• 3) What was the Union blockade?
• 4) Who was the commander of Confederate troops at Antietam?
• 5) What did the Emancipation Proclamation do?
• 6) When was the Battle of Gettysburg? Who won?
• 7) Why were Georgia and Atlanta important to the Confederate war
effort?
• 8) Who commanded Union troops during the Atlanta Campaign?
• 9) When did Sherman finally capture Atlanta?
• 10) Why do you think Sherman burned Atlanta before he left?
• 11) Where did the March to the Sea end?
• 12) When did the Confederacy surrender?
• 13) How did Abraham Lincoln die?
Questions – Week 2
Civil War
• 1) After secession, what was the name of the new country formed by
the South?
• 2) When did the Civil War start? Where?
• 3) What was the Union blockade?
• 4) Who was the commander of Confederate troops at Antietam?
• 5) What did the Emancipation Proclamation do?
• 6) When was the Battle of Gettysburg? Who won?
• 7) Why were Georgia and Atlanta important to the Confederate war
effort?
• 8) Who commanded Union troops during the Atlanta Campaign?
• 9) When did Sherman finally capture Atlanta?
• 10) Why do you think Sherman burned Atlanta before he left?
• 11) Where did the March to the Sea end?
• 12) When did the Confederacy surrender?
• 13) How did Abraham Lincoln die?
Questions – Week 2
Civil War
• 1) After secession, what was the name of the new country formed by
the South?
• 2) When did the Civil War start? Where?
• 3) What was the Union blockade?
• 4) Who was the commander of Confederate troops at Antietam?
• 5) What did the Emancipation Proclamation do?
• 6) When was the Battle of Gettysburg? Who won?
• 7) Why were Georgia and Atlanta important to the Confederate war
effort?
• 8) Who commanded Union troops during the Atlanta Campaign?
• 9) When did Sherman finally capture Atlanta?
• 10) Why do you think Sherman burned Atlanta before he left?
• 11) Where did the March to the Sea end?
• 12) When did the Confederacy surrender?
• 13) How did Abraham Lincoln die?
Questions – Week 2
Civil War
• 1) After secession, what was the name of the new country formed by
the South?
• 2) When did the Civil War start? Where?
• 3) What was the Union blockade?
• 4) Who was the commander of Confederate troops at Antietam?
• 5) What did the Emancipation Proclamation do?
• 6) When was the Battle of Gettysburg? Who won?
• 7) Why were Georgia and Atlanta important to the Confederate war
effort?
• 8) Who commanded Union troops during the Atlanta Campaign?
• 9) When did Sherman finally capture Atlanta?
• 10) Why do you think Sherman burned Atlanta before he left?
• 11) Where did the March to the Sea end?
• 12) When did the Confederacy surrender?
• 13) How did Abraham Lincoln die?
Questions – Week 2
Civil War
• 1) After secession, what was the name of the new country formed by
the South?
• 2) When did the Civil War start? Where?
• 3) What was the Union blockade?
• 4) Who was the commander of Confederate troops at Antietam?
• 5) What did the Emancipation Proclamation do?
• 6) When was the Battle of Gettysburg? Who won?
• 7) Why were Georgia and Atlanta important to the Confederate war
effort?
• 8) Who commanded Union troops during the Atlanta Campaign?
• 9) When did Sherman finally capture Atlanta?
• 10) Why do you think Sherman burned Atlanta before he left?
• 11) Where did the March to the Sea end?
• 12) When did the Confederacy surrender?
• 13) How did Abraham Lincoln die?