Academic U.S. & Virginia History
Mr. Briscoe & Mr. Null
Name: _______________________________
Block: _______
CLASS NOTES #14: The Rise of Nationalism
Warm-up: Federalists vs. Republicans:
Check the box of the party that agreed with the position described below.
Position/Description:
Federalists
Favored full repayment and central management
of both national and state debts
Sought to locate the national capital in the South
Republicans
Distrustful of the French and the French Revolution
Considered states’ rights as necessary to check and
limit federal power
Supported creation of the First Bank of the U.S.
Favored excise taxes and protective tariffs to raise
federal revenue and protect American industry
Opposed the Alien & Sedition Acts as an assault
upon First Amendment rights
Loosely interpreted the Constitution as giving
extensive powers to the national government
Received extensive support in the South and rural areas
The Virginia Dynasty:
Following Jefferson’s victory over John Adams in the “Revolution” of 1800, three Virginians served as
president and helped to shape the new nation for a quarter century (1801-1825).
All three were Democratic-Republicans, slave owners, and lawyers. They were also good friends who
lived within a day’s journey of each other in central Virginia.
Name
Years in Office
#3: __________________________________________
_____________
#4: __________________________________________
_____________
#5: __________________________________________
_____________
American Neutrality Under Threat:
With the start of the ________________________________ in 1805, _____________ and ____________
naval vessels resumed impressment of American sailors and seizure of cargoes bound for enemy ports.
Jefferson’s response was the ill-advised ______________________________ (_________) that halted all
trade with foreign nations in the expectation that Britain and France would be compelled to desist and
agree to negotiate with the U.S. (they didn’t and ____________________________ suffered an economic
depression, angering the Federalist opposition).
James Madison (Jefferson’s hand-picked successor) signed _____________________________ (_____)
stating that, if either Britain or France agreed to respect American rights, the U.S. would cut off trade with
the other country.
___________ agreed and the U.S. cut off trade with Britain in 1811, resulting in a British _____________
of U.S. ports.
The _________________________:
Meanwhile, back on the trans-Appalachian frontier, Native Americans (led by such tribes as the Shawnee
and Creek), resisted westward settlement by American pioneers.
Britain supplied the Shawnee leader, ______________________________, with money and weapons.
Newly-elected “_________________________” in Congress, such as:
*__________________________________________ of _____________________________
*__________________________________________ of _____________________________
…called for an invasion of ________________ to break the back of the British-Native American alliance.
Congress declared war on Britain on June 18, 1812; Madison called up the army.
The War of 1812:
“____________________________________________” (as the Federalists called it) was a comedy of
errors that almost resulted in defeat:
1. ______________________________________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________________________________
Bright Spots (we won! - a nearly-fatal military draw):
1. ______________________________________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
3. _____________________________________ (_________) secured British recognition of
American interests and ended the war “status quo ante” – no winner, no loser
Following the War of 1812, nationalism grew in various forms:
Political Nationalism
Outcome of the Hartford Convention (1814):
Monroe’s elections in 1816 & 1820:
“Era of Good Feelings”:
Why would there have a greater sense of political unity in the country after the War of 1812?:
Economic Nationalism
Transportation Revolution:
Erie Canal:
National Road:
Clay’s “American System”:
*
*
*
How would the Transportation Revolution and Clay’s “American System” have helped to encourage national
economic growth?
Judicial Nationalism
*Chief Justice John Marshall led the Supreme Court for 35 years after his 1801 appointment by President John
Adams; he effectively checked the power of the Republicans
*Marshall’s Federalist views helped to establish the power of the Court as an independent branch of government and
asserted the power of the federal government over the states
*Marbury v. Madison (1803):
*McCulloch v. Maryland (1819):
*Dartmouth College v. Woodward (1819):
*Gibbons v. Ogden (1824):
How would Marshall’s decisions have supported national economic growth and federal over state power?
Diplomatic Nationalism
America’s “victory” in the War of 1812 was followed by several diplomatic agreements that secured the country’s
borders:
*Rush-Bagot Treaty (1816):
*British-American Convention (1818):
*Adams-Onis Treaty (1819):
*By 1823, many colonies in Latin America had won their independence from Spain and Portugal.
*The U.S. wanted to be sure that European powers did not interfere in the affairs of these new countries, which would
make great trading partners for the U.S.
*Monroe Doctrine (1823):
How did America’s diplomatic agreements from 1814 to 1823 help to promote American security and influence?