IV. The War of 1812
A. The Move Toward War
1.
2.
3.
4.
Tension remained high when James
Madison became President in 1809.
Britain continued arming Native
Americans in the Northwest, and the
policy of impressment
War Hawks believed the only answer to
Britain’s insults was war, while New
England Federalists who depended on
trade with Britain and opposed war.
Congress declared war on June 1, 1812.
B. Early Days of the War
1.
2.
3.
4.
The larger British navy was able to
blockade seaports and control the seas.
The British and Indians joined forces and
controlled the Northwest.
In 1813, U.S. Captain Oliver Perry was
able to defeat the British in the Battle of
Lake Erie and help the U.S. gain control
of the Great Lakes region.
In the South in 1814, Andrew Jackson
defeated the Creek Indians and gained
millions of acres of their land.
C. Ending the War
1.
2.
3.
4.
The British attack and burn Washington,
D.C. in 1814.
New England Federalists protested the war
and threatened to leave the union at the
Hartford Convention.
The Treaty of Ghent ended the war on
December 24, 1814- no land was gained,
and embargoes and impressment continued.
Andrew Jackson’s forces devastated the
British in the Battle of New Orleans,
January 8, 1815.