Chapter 4.3 Notes
1. Niels Bohr (1885-1962) was a Danish ________________ who
worked with _______________________.
A. ____________ and worked with Rutherford’s _________
of the atom.
B. Bohr’s model of the __________ focused on the
arrangement of __________________.
C. _____________ model of the atom appears to be
______________ to the ___________ system with planets
__________________ around the sun.
D. In Bohr’s model _______________ move with constant
_____________ in fixed ___________ around the nucleus.
2. Energy levels are the possible ________________ that electrons
in an ____________ can have.
A. Each _______________ in an atom has a specific amount
of _______________.
B. If an atom ______________ or _______________ energy,
the energy of an ________________ can change.
Ex. 1) Steps
* Picture energy _____________ as steps in a staircase.
As you move _____ or ________ the staircase, you can measure
how your _____________ changes by counting the number of
steps you take. Although you can step up and down you cannot
stand _______________ steps. ________________ follow the
same rules. They can only ___________ on energy levels, not
between them.
* The _______________ at the bottom of the staircase
is like the ___________ energy level in an atom.
* Each step ____ represents a higher energy level. The
________________ between two steps represents the
difference in energy between __________ energy
levels.
* There would need to be a different
_______________ for each _____________ because no
two elements have the same set of stairs (energy levels).
Chapter 4.3 Notes
C. An _____________ in an atom can move from one energy
_________ to another when the atom _________ or
___________ energy.
D. Electrons can move ____ or __________ energy levels
based on how much energy is __________ or __________.
E. Scientists can _______________ the energy gained when
______________
absorb energy and move to a
____________ energy level. They can measure the energy
_______________ when the electron returns to a
___________ energy level.
Ex. 2) The light _____________ from fireworks is due to the
movement of _____________ between energy levels. __________
produced by the _______________ causes some electrons to move
to ____________ energy levels. When those electrons move back
to ______________ energy levels, they emit ____________. Some
of that energy is released as ____________ light. Different colors
of light are _______________ due to the fact that no two
______________ have the same set of energy levels.
F. What determines the amount of energy gained or lost when
an electron moves between energy levels?
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
3. Erwin Schrodinger develops ____________________________
equations to describe the _______________ of electrons in atoms.
His work leads to the electron ______________ model.
A. Bohr was _____________ in assigning energy levels to
_______________, but he was ________________ in assuming
that electrons moved like ____________ in a solar system. We
now know that electrons move in a less _______________ way.
B. The electron cloud _________ is a visual model of the
___________ likely locations for electrons in an
_________.
C. The cloud is __________ at those locations where the
probability of finding an electron is ___________.
Chapter 4.3 Notes
D. Scientists use the electron cloud model to _____________
the possible locations of electrons around the ____________.
4. An __________ orbital is a region of ____________ around the
nucleus where an electron is most likely to be __________.
Ex. 3) Assume you had a ______ of the school and you were
to put a dot on the map whenever you visited different __________
of the school for one week. After that week the areas on the map
with the ___________ amount of dots would be your __________.
They describe your most likely ______________. The dots on your
map are a good ___________ of how you usually behave in your
______________.
A. An _____________ cloud is a good approximation of how
electrons ________________ in their orbitals.
B. The ___________ in which an electron has the ________
energy, the lowest energy level, has only one ____________.
C. ___________ energy levels have more than one orbital
Energy Levels, Orbitals, and Electrons
Energy Level
Number of Orbitals
Max # of Electrons
1
2
3
4
D. How many electrons can be in each orbital?
______________________________________________________
5. An electron __________________ is the arrangement of
electrons in the orbitals of an _____________.
A. The most ___________ electron configurations is one in
which the electrons are in orbitals with the _____________
possible energies.
B. When all of the electrons in an ________ have the lowest
possible ____________, the atom is said to be in its
________ state.
Chapter 4.3 Notes
C. When an atom ___________ enough energy its electrons
may _________ to an orbital with a higher energy _______.
D. When this happens the __________ is said to be in an
______________ state.
E. An excited state is ________ stable than the ground state.
F. Eventually, the electron that moved to a higher energy
level _________ energy, and the atom returns to the ground
state.
Ex. 4) Helium, neon, argon, krypton, and xenon atoms
returning from ___________ states to the ground state emit
the _________ you see in neon lights.