Tues. 9/8/15
Due: 2.1 (Part 1)
Today: Data Display Activity
HW: Read 2.1 – pg. 41-44 Q’s 4-7
9/8/15
Smart Starter:
1. How would you organize this
Data?
Avg. Blood Pressure by Age and Gender
2. Draw out the graph.
Must have:
Labeled axes (units)
Key (if needed)
Research Question
Detailed Title
9/8/15
Announcements:
Science Olympiad
Mtg. advisory Tu & Th (9/8&10)
Ask me for a pass!
Good Things?
Wedn. 9/9/15
Due: 2.1 Reading and Questions –
Part 1
Today: Finish Graphing (Ch. 1)
Matter (Ch. 2) – guided notes
HW: 2.1 Reading/Qs part 2
Pg. 41-44
Q’s 4-7
4th Period - None
TH 9/10/15
Due: 2.1 Reading/Qs part 2
Pg. 41-44
Q’s 4-7
Today: Finish Graphing
Matter (Ch. 2) – guided notes
HW: None
Smart Starter:
Wednesday 9/9/15
Geologists often take core samples to tell what
type of rock is in the strata or layers under
ground.
What are some easily observed characteristics
of rock (think matter) that they can use to
identify the rock?
New piece of paper
This will go in your “Test” section
CLASSIFYING ITEMS
Why do it?
Devise a classification system for the following items:
•
•
•
•
•
Apple
Pear
Orange
Lime
plum
•
•
•
•
•
Rose
Violet
Daisy
Gold
Silver
2. Explain what criteria you used to place items into each category of your classification system.
MATTER
• A Brief History of Nearly Everything - Bryson
Substance
• Pure
• Uniform
• Ex. Table Salt, Sugar
Substances can be classified into two categories—elements
and compounds.
Element
• Simplest unit of a substance
• Can’t be broken down by chemical means
An element has a fixed composition because it contains only
one type of atom.
No two elements contain the same type of atom.
Elements
Aluminum, carbon, and gold are elements that
you can see in common objects, such as cans,
pencils, and rings.
Mixtures containing iodine are used to prevent
and treat infections.
Gold
Aluminum
Carbon
Iodine
Atom
Compound
• 2+ elements/substances present
• Can be broken back down
• Fixed proportion
*The properties of a compound differ from those of the
substances from which it is made.
Comic Break
Did you get it?
The major difference between an
element and a compound is:
A. a compound cannot be broken down into
simpler substances, but an element can be.
B. an element cannot be broken down into
simpler substances, but a compound can be
C. an element can be separated by chemical
means, but a compound can’t be.
D. a compound can be separated by chemical
means, but an element can’t be.
SELECT ALL CORRECT ANSWERS
Mixture
How do mixtures differ from pure substances?
Ex. Cookie dough
• Properties of a Mixture
– Same as individual substances?
Homo & Hetero
HOMOGENEOUS Mixtures
• Homo = Same – evenly distributed
think -hot sauce
ex. Steel
HETEROGENEOUS Mixtures
Hetero = different – parts noticeably different
think - chunky salsa
ex. Sand
I SPY WITH MY LITTLE EYE
Did you get it?
3 types of Mixtures
Based on the size of its largest
particles….
Solutions, Suspensions, and Colloids
• Properties of the mixture are affected.
These liquids represent three
categories of mixtures.
Windshield wiper fluid
Milk
Muddy water collected from a swamp
Solutions
When substances dissolve and form a
homogeneous mixture, the mixture that forms is
called a solution.
Solvent
Solute
Suspensions
A suspension is a heterogeneous mixture that
separates into layers over time.
Colloids – the inbetween
A colloid contains some particles that are intermediate
in size between the small particles in a solution and the
larger particles in a suspension.
• Like solutions, colloids do not separate into layers.
• You cannot use a filter to separate the parts of a colloid.
These liquids represent three categories of mixtures.
Which is it?.
Windshield wiper fluid
Milk
Muddy water collected from a swamp
SmartStarter
• How can knowing the physical properties of
matter be useful?
2.2 Physical Properties
• Physical Properties – observed/measured w/o changing
composition
– Viscosity
– Conductivity
– melting point
– density
-Hardness
-Malleability
-boiling point
• Separation Methods
• Filtration
• Distillation
• Physical Change
Viscosity
• Resistance to flow
• Thick, sticky, slow moving = very viscous
• Thin, easily flowing = low viscosity
Temperature’s effect on LAVA’s viscosity…
Viscosity …Cool Example
• Non-newtonian fluid: Oobleck
– cornstarch
Conductivity
Malleability
Hardness
melting point / boiling point
density
Can be used to determine if a substance is pure or not…???
FRI 9/18/15
Smart Starter:
FRI 9/11/15
Announcements:
Science CREATES humor
Good Things?
Grades are posted
Sign Social Contract
2.2 Physical Properties
• Physical Properties – observed/measured w/o changing
composition
– Viscosity
– Conductivity
– melting point
– density
-Hardness
-Malleability
-boiling point
• Separation Methods
• Filtration
• Distillation
• Physical Change
Separation Methods – using physical properties…
• Filtration
• Uses particle size…
• Distillation…
• Uses boiling points
Distillation - the action of purifying a liquid by a
process of heating and cooling
Physical Change
Physical properties change
BUT…
Substances in the materials (chemical) do not change
Ex.
State changes = density changes
shape/form changes
2.3 Chemical Properties
• Properties observed when changing
• = ability to produce a change in composition
• Chemical Change – composition of the matter
changes… forms different molecules/compounds
• Examples: flammability, reactivity, release of
energy (heat, light, noise)
Flammability
• Does it combust? Burn? – copper/hose Observation!
– (when oxygen is present)
Reactivity
• How easily/readily does it combine chemically
with other substances
• Other words: tendency of substances to
undergo chemical change
SmartStarter
Assessment Questions
1. Which of these substances is a compound?
a.
b.
c.
d.
copper
water
oxygen
carbon
Assessment Questions
1. Which of these substances is a compound?
a.
b.
c.
d.
copper
water
oxygen
carbon
ANS:
B
Assessment Questions
2. Which of these groups of letters could be used as a
symbol for an element?
a.
b.
c.
d.
HF
Cm
Car
fe
Assessment Questions
2. Which of these groups of letters could be used as a
symbol for an element?
a.
b.
c.
d.
HF
Cm
Car
fe
ANS:
B
Assessment Questions
3. Which of the following statements does not apply to a
compound?
a.
b.
c.
d.
It is made of two or more elements.
It has components that are joined in fixed proportions.
It can be separated into components by physical methods.
It can be broken down into elements or other compounds.
Assessment Questions
3. Which of the following statements does not apply to a
compound?
a.
b.
c.
d.
It is made of two or more elements.
It has components that are joined in fixed proportions.
It can be separated into components by physical methods.
It can be broken down into elements or other compounds.
ANS:
C
Assessment Questions
4. How does a compound differ from a mixture?
a. A compound cannot be broken down into simpler
substances.
b. Compounds can be separated by physical processes and
mixtures cannot.
c. The composition of a mixture cannot vary.
d. A compound is made of two or more elements in fixed
proportion.
Assessment Questions
4. How does a compound differ from a mixture?
a. A compound cannot be broken down into simpler
substances.
b. Compounds can be separated by physical processes and
mixtures cannot.
c. The composition of a mixture cannot vary.
d. A compound is made of two or more elements in fixed
proportion.
ANS:
D
Assessment Questions
5. Which of these materials is a heterogeneous mixture?
a.
b.
c.
d.
air
seawater
sand
steel
Assessment Questions
5. Which of these materials is a heterogeneous mixture?
a.
b.
c.
d.
air
seawater
sand
steel
ANS:
C
Assessment Questions
6. Which of the following can be separated with a filter?
a.
b.
c.
d.
colloids
compounds
solutions
suspensions
Assessment Questions
6. Which of the following can be separated with a filter?
a.
b.
c.
d.
colloids
compounds
solutions
suspensions
ANS:
D
Due: None
FRI 9/12/15
Today: Social Contract
Continue with 2.1 – Characterizing
Matter
HW: Observe something related to
physical science that you can
hypothesis about.
-Observations!
Due: 2.1 Reading/Qs part 2
Pg. 41-44
Q’s 4-7
9/10&11/15
Today: 2.1-2.2 Matter
HW: Read 2.2 – Fill in the notes
guide