2.3 Puritan New England
Objective: Learn the motivations for Puritan
migration.
Describe the Puritans interactions with the Native
Americans.
Understand the characteristics of the
Massachusetts Bay Colony.
HW: 2.4
The Puritans are coming!!
Unit 2
• Puritans want to purify Church of England
of Catholicism
• Puritan Separatists exiled by King James I; they go to
Holland
• 1620, Pilgrims (Puritan Separatists) leave Holland &
found Plymouth Bay Colony
• In northern colonies what was the motivation?
– religion, not profit, drives colonization
• Mayflower Compact- early example moderate self govt.
• Myles Standish is their leader.
• Merged with Mass. Bay Colony in 1691
http://www.winthropsociety.org/portraits.php
Puritans create New England
• 1630, as a “city on a hill” for Puritans
• Led by John Winthrop, Governor of colony
• Established an independent government for the
colony
• 2/3 of males (churched only) enfranchised
• Very large and well-stocked expedition
• Very successful, encouraged the “Great Migration”
• 20,000 migrated between 1630 and 1640
http://www.winthropsociety.org/portraits.php
Massachusetts Bay
Colony
“City upon a hill”
Protestant work ethic  God rewards his elect
All “freemen” could vote – very democratic at the time
Church and state were closely linked
Taxes supported the church
Laws punished both criminal and undesirable act
such as idleness and drunkenness  “Blue Laws”
• Little concept of privacy – Church and State could
punish parents for poor parenting, marital problems, etc.
•
•
•
•
•
Anne Hutchinson:exiled in 1638 (Why?)
In 1643 she and her family were killed in
a war fought between the Dutch colonists
and N. Americans
She is seen as the beginning of the
American tradition of Freedom
of Conscience.
Roger Williams: fled MBC in 1636(Why?)
Befriended by Native Am and settled in
Narragansett Bay.
Founded Rhode Island – community
based on religious tolerance.
tp://www.rogerwilliams.org/biography.htm http://www.greatwomen.org/women.php?action=viewone&id=84
Dissent in the Puritan Community
Conflict with Native Americans
• Original co-existence w/ Native Americans  Tension
• Expansion of colony leads to conflict with Pequot Nation
SEE PAGE 56
• 1637 Punitive conflict begins, Pequots are exterminated.
• Metacom, aka King Philip, resists expansion
• King Philip’s War, 1675
• Wampanoag tribe is destroyed, Metacom killed
• Was the last Native American resistance in Puritan
colonies
• Conflict is denounced by Roger Williams
Pequot War -1637
“At the time of the Pequot War, Pequot strength was concentrated along the
Pequot (now Thames) and Mystic Rivers in what is now southeastern
Connecticut. Mystic, or Missituk, was the site of the major battle of the War.
Under the leadership of Captain John Mason from Connecticut and Captain John
Underhill from Massachusetts Bay Colony, English Puritan troops, with the help
of Mohegan and Narragansett allies, burned the village and killed the estimated
400-700 Pequots inside.
The battle turned the tide against the Pequots and broke the tribe's resistance.
Many Pequots in other villages escaped and hid among other tribes, but most of
them were eventually killed or captured and given as slaves to tribes friendly to
the English. The English, supported by Uncas' Mohegans, pursued the remaining
Pequot resistors until all were either killed or captured and enslaved. After the
War, the colonists enslaved survivors and outlawed the name "Pequot.“”
– source:http://www.colonialwarsct.org/1637.htm
http://go.hrw.com/hrw.nd/gohrw_rls1/pKeywordResults?ST9%20King%20Philip
Causes and Effects of King Philip’s War (use p. 57)
CAUSES
EFFECTS
1675