Digestive System Review
Name___________________________________________________________ Date___________________ Block_______
Draw a line to match the digestive system functions with the correct descriptions.
A. Ingestion
Large molecules are broken down by enzymes
B. Mechanical digestion
Elimination of indigestible food
C. Chemical digestion
Putting food into your mouth
D. Absorption
Physically breaking down food into smaller pieces
E. Defecation
Transport of digested end products from GI tract to blood
Match the structure with the correct function by writing the letter in front of the
description.
A.
B.
F.
G.
H.
liver
pancreas
gastric glands
gall bladder
rectum
C. small intestine
D. large intestine
E. intestinal villi
I. cardiac sphincter
J. pancreatic duct
K. lacteal
1. C_______ main function is to absorb nutrients from food
2. K_______ vessel in each villus that absorbs nutrients to carry to the rest of the body
3. F_______ found in the stomach, secrete gastric juice
4. J_______ a tube that carries pancreatic juice from the pancreas to the duodenum
5. H_______ main function is to store feces
6. A_______ main digestive function is to produce bile
7. I_______ prevents stomach acid from going back up the esophagus
8. D_______ removes H20 from indigestible food to make feces
9. G_______ stores bile
10. B_______ secretes juice containing enzymes to break down macromolecules and bicarbonate
11. _E______ tiny projections of the inner wall of the intestine that greatly increase surface area
1. What is the function of bile salts?
To emulsify and break down fat for absorption
2. Why does pancreatic juice contain bicarbonate?
To neutralize acidic chyme
3. What is chyme?
Mixture of food particles and gastric juice, partially digested food
4. What is the structure that extends from the mouth to the anus?
Gastrointestinal Tract
5. What is found in gastric juice that helps to absorb Vitamin B12?
Intrinsic factor
6. Describe peristalsis.
Involuntary smooth muscle contractions that move food down the canal
7. What does gastric juice contain?
Mucus, intrinsic factor, HCl, digestive enzymes (pepsin)
8. What 2 homeostatic imbalances benefit from higher fiber diets?
Diverticulitis and Constipation
Match the homeostatic imbalance with the correct description.
Letter
C
D
F
G
A
B
E
Homeostatic Imbalance
gallstones
vomiting
constipation
hemorrhoids
cirrhosis
diarrhea
peptic ulcer
Description
A. chronic inflammation of liver; can be caused by too much alcohol.
B. not enough water is absorbed from feces; causes dehydration
C. cholesterol crystallizes due to lack of water
D. reflex that empties stomach; controlled by medulla oblongata
E. stomach lining erodes, exposing it to acids, creating sores
F. too much water is absorbed from feces
G. enlarged, inflamed branches of rectal vein
Look at the diagram of the digestive system below. Identify the parts in the diagram by putting
the part in front of the correct term.
______ appendix 10
______ esophagus 19
______ parotid gland 21
______ anus 11
______ gall bladder 4
______ pharynx 20
______ ascending colon 9
______ ileocecal sphincter 6 ______ pyloric sphincter 23
______ cardiac sphincter 22
______ ileum 5
______ rectum 12
______ cecum 7
______ jejunum 14
______ sigmoid colon 13
______ descending colon 15
______ liver 3
______ stomach 18
______ duodenum 8
______ pancreas 17
______ sublingual gland 1
______ submandibular gland 2 ______ transverse colon 16