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Bone Markings and Joints

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Quiz Corrections
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Questions pg. 173

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Explore the joints of the body
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Arthro-
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Of a joint; relating to the joint
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EXAMPLE: Arthritis?
Inflammation of the joint

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Joints have 2 functions
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Hold bones together
Allow for flexibility
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Structural classification
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Fibrous
Cartilaginous
Synovial

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Synarthorotic Joints
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Amphirarthrotic Joints
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Diarthrotic Joints

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Immovable Joints
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Joints of the skull
Sutures of the flat bones that make up the skull

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Slightly Movable Joints
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Vertebrae
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Don’t have full motion but provide enough motion with in the back

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Freely moveable
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Shoulders
Hips
Knees
Elbows
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Lubricated for joint movement
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Synovial fluid

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Ball and Socket Joints
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Hip and shoulder
Shoulder is relatively unstable
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Golf ball on a golf tee
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Hinge Joint
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What do you think of with a hinge?
1 plane of movement
Elbow joint

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Pivot
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What does it mean to pivot?
Allows for rotational movement
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Atlas and axis vertebrae
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Saddle
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Concave/convex articulation
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Cowboy sitting on a saddle
Biaxial
Movement in 2 planes, no rotation
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Thumb joint
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Caropometacarpal joint

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Bones joined by fibrous tissue
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Some are slightly moveable, most are synarthrotic (no movement)
Sutures – bones interlock and are connected by short tissue fibers
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EX: Skull joints

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Articulating ends connected by cartilage
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For the most part, these joints are slightly moveable
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EX: Intervertebral joints

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Articulating bones are separated by joint cavity containing synovial fluid
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Movements vary from 1 axis to multiaxial
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All synovial joints contain:
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Joint surface enclosed by 2 layer articular capsule
Outer part of the capsule is a dense fibrous connective tissue.
Lines inside by synovial membrane
Articulating surfaces lined with articular cartilage
Articular capsule reinforced with ligaments, bursae or tendon sheaths

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Read pg. 114 from the packet about “Movements Allowed by
Synovial Joints”
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Understand diagrams on pg. 115
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Complete pg. 117 from packet