1. Failures of the
Treaty of Versailles
1)
{
2)
3)
War guilt clause caused resentment
among Germans against the League of
Nations
League of Nations was a flop – it could
not prevent war
Germany had to pay war reparations,
which weakened its economy and made
people desperate enough to turn to a
leader like Hitler.
2. Fascism
{
1)
2)
Political philosophy that
emphasizes the importance of the
nation or an ethnic group; also
the supreme authority of the
leader over that of the individual
Examples: Mussolini’s Italy, Nazi Germany
3. Nazism
{
1)
An extreme form of fascism
shaped by Adolf Hitler’s
fanatical ideas about German
nationalism and racial
superiority
4. Totalitarianism
{
1)
System where the government
exerts total control over the
nation and citizens’ lives
5. Munich Conference
1)
{
2)
3)
Because Britain and France were unprepared for a
war, they agreed to give the Sudetenland to Hitler
in the hopes that his appetite for territory would
be satisfied.
Pretty messed up because Czechoslovakia
controlled the Sudetenland. Britain and France did
not even have the authority to give it to Hitler.
Neville Chamberlain, the architect of the Munich
Agreement, claimed that he had achieved “Peace in
our time.”
6. Appeasement
1)
{
2)
Giving in to a competitor’s
demands in order to keep the
peace
Churchill: “An appeaser is one
who feeds a crocodile, hoping
that it will eat him last.”
7. MolotovRibbentrop Pact
1)
{
2)
3)
Also called the Nazi-Soviet NonAggression Pact
In case of war, the Nazis and the Soviets
pledged not to fight one another
(working together though they were on
opposite sides of the war alliance wise)
A secret part of the pact described how
Germany and the Soviet Union would
divide up the independent states of
Eastern Europe
8. Neutrality Acts
1)
{
2)
1939 laws designed the keep
the United States out of future
wars
They obviously didn’t work,
but it’s important to note that
we at least TRIED to avoid war
9. “Four Freedoms”
Speech
1)
{
2)
3)
4)
5)
Freedom of speech
Freedom of worship
Freedom from want
Freedom from fear
“as men do not live by bread alone,
we do not fight by armaments alone.”
10. Lend-Lease Act
1)
{
2)
3)
1941 law that authorized the
President to aid any nation
whose defense he believed was
vital to American security
Lend them destroyers, they lease
us navy bases
Lend them money, they pay us
back after the war
11. Pearl Harbor
1)
{
2)
3)
December 7, 1941. The Japanese
surprise attack on the U.S. naval
base in Hawaii.
Pulled us into World War II
Japanese attacked us in response
to an oil embargo and us trying
to restrict their expansion in the
Pacific Ocean.
12. Office of War
Mobilization
{
1)
Federal agency formed to
coordinate issues related to war
production during WWII
13. Office of Price
Administration
{
1)
Federal agency designed to
control prices, rents, and
rationing during WWII
14. Deficit Spending
{
1)
Payout out more money from
the annual federal budget than
the government receives in
revenues.
WWII Propaganda
Posters
{
1)
Designed to encourage people
to buy war bonds, ration food,
remain silent about the war,
plant victory gardens, etc.
16. Rationing in
WWII
1)
{
2)
3)
Distribution of goods in a fixed
amount
Designed to preserve food and
supplies for the war effort.
“Do with less, so they’ll have
more.”
17. War bond drives
in WWII
1)
{
2)
Bonds were the major way that
the government paid for the war.
A bond is a loan. The
government take your money
and you can redeem the bond
later for what it is worth plus
interest.
18. Rosie the Riveter
1)
{
2)
Propaganda ad meant to
inspire women to work in war
related industries.
She’s intended to look tough,
yet still feminine and attractive
19. Double V
Campaign
{
1)
2)
3)
Victory over fascism abroad; victory over
discrimination at home
Created to boost black morale in the midst of
race riots in major cities like Chicago.
Early phase of the civil rights movement,
helped build respect for African - Americans
20. Executive Order
8802
1)
{
2)
Prohibited racial discrimination
in the national defense industry
The first federal action to
promote equal opportunity and
prohibit discrimination in the
United States.
21. Congress of
Racial Equality
{
1)
Organization founded by
pacifists in 1942 to promote
racial equality through
peaceful means
A. Philip Randolph
1)
{
2)
Civil rights activist from the
1930s to the 1950s
Planned the Washington march
that pressured FDR into
opening World War II defense
jobs to African Americans
23. Tuskegee Airmen
1)
{
2)
3)
4)
The first African American pilots in
World War II
Helped break down racial
stereotypes through a stellar service
record
Their division did not lose a single
bomber on escort
Nicknamed “Red Tails” because they
panted the tails of their plans red.
24. Code talkers
1)
{
2)
3)
Navajo Indians who used their
native language as code during
World War II.
The Germans were not familiar
with the Navajo language –
natural code
Fought bravely alongside U.S.
troops
25. 1943 Repeal of the
Chinese Exclusion Act
1)
{
2)
3)
We were allied with the Chinese
against the Japanese in World War II.
Japan released propaganda that we
repressed Chinese people in U.S. (We
actually did)
We repeal the act to save face with
the Chinese.