The student will be able to…
Identify the basic characteristics of organism, including
prokaryotic or eukaryotic, unicellular or multicellular,
autotrophic or heterotrophic, and mode of reproduction,
that further classify them in the currently recognized
Kingdoms.
Write these Key Terms in your notes!!!! (words on left)
Key Terms to Know
• Unicellular – made up of one cell (ex. bacteria)
• Multicellular – made up of more than one cell (ex. you)
• Prokaryote – cells with an outside membrane only, the
organelles inside do not have membranes, no nucleus
• Eukaryote – cells with outside membranes and the organelles
inside have membranes; ex: nuclear membrane around the
nucleus (ex. Plants and animals)
• Autotrophic – makes its own food through the process of
photosynthesis (ex. - plants)
• Heterotrophic – does not make its own food; relies on
(eats/digest) others for food (ex.- you)
• Modes of Reproduction– Asexual or Sexual Reproduction
Here's a simple visual comparison between a
prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell:
Two Types of Cells
Write these on a foldable with 2 flaps or double bubble map
•
•
•
•
Prokaryotic Cells
No nucleus
No membrane-covered
organelles
Circular DNA
Bacteria
•
•
•
•
Eukaryotic Cells
Nucleus
Membrane-covered
organelles (example:
nuclear membrane)
Linear DNA
All other cells
How they are the same: cytoplasm, ribosomes, DNA
Despite their differences they perform most of the same kinds of
functions in the same way.
Classification Hierarchy
Domain
Did
King
Philip
Come
Over
For
Great
Spagetti
Kingdom
Phylum
All organisms
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
One type of organism
Title: Classification of Living Things
(copy this page)
Did – Domain (3) Archaea, Bacteria, Eukarya
King – Kingdom (6) Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, Protists, Fungus, Plants, Animals
Philip – Phylum
Come – Class
Over – Order
For – Family
Great – Genus
Spaghetti – Species
A
B
E
The 6 kingdoms of life are
separated mainly by:
• How their cells are structured
• How organisms attain (get) the energy they
need to survive
(Write these in your notes)
The Kingdom that the organism is
assigned to is based on1. Cell type (presence of a nucleus/nuclear
membrane) [prokaryotic or eukaryotic]
2. The number of cells in the body
(unicellular or multicellular)
3. Its ability to make food or not
(autotrophic or heterotrophic)
Eukaryotic
Single or
multi cell
Multi-cell
Absorbed
Move –
Cilia/flagellafrom decay
Protista
Prokaryotic
Autotrophic Heterotrophic
Fungi
Plantae
E
Animalia
Live
everywhere
Live in
extreme
conditions
Bacteria
Archaea
B
A
6 Kingdoms
Use the information on the next several slides to complete the chart
Monera has been divided
into 2 kingdoms
• Archaea
(Archaebacteria)
• Eubacteria
Both are prokaryotic –
which means the only
membrane is on the
outside, the organelles
inside don’t have outer
walls
Archaea or Archaebacteria
•
•
•
•
•
•
Prokaryotic (no nuclear membrane)
Unicellular
Both Autotrophic and Heterotrophic
Oldest living organisms on Earth
Use flagella to move
found in very harsh conditions (such as at the bottom of
the sea or in volcanic vents)
• Example: halobacteria
Eubacteria
•
•
•
•
•
Prokaryotic
Unicellular
Both Autotrophic and Heterotrophic
More complex and common than the archaea
It is the eubacteria that most people are talking
about when they say bacteria, because they live in
more neutral conditions.
• Use flagella to move
• They can be found everywhere around us – in our
bodies, our food, etc.
• Bacteria like strep
Protista
• Eukaryotic – the organelles, like the
nucleus, have membranes
• Unicellular
• Both Autotrophic and Heterotrophic
• Have nucleus and other cell
structures
• Use cilia, flagella or pseudopod to
move
• Examples: algae, amoeba
Fungi
•
•
•
•
•
Eukaryotic
Multi-cellular (many cells)
Heterotrophic
Cannot move
Absorb nutrients from other
organisms
• Examples: mushrooms,
yeast, molds
Plantae
•
•
•
•
•
Multi-cellular
Eukaryotic
Autotrophic
Cannot move
Use energy from the
sun to make sugars
• Examples: trees,
flowers, ferns
Animalia
•
•
•
•
•
Eukaryotic
Multi-cellular
Heterotrophic
Most can move
Get energy by consuming
other organisms
• Examples: invertebrates,
fish, birds, mammals
Recap
• The Bacteria kingdom is made up of
prokaryotic organisms.
• This means that their cells lack the structure
that eukaryotic cells (our cells for example)
have, such as a nucleus and mitochondria.
• All the other kingdoms consist of eukaryotic
organisms that do have structure to their
cells.
The differences between these eukaryotic kingdoms
(fungi, plants, and animals) are based on how they
aquire energy to live.
• Plants make their own energy from sunlight by
using photosynthesis. (autotrophic)
• Animals and fungi are very similar in that they must
ingest other organisms in order to get the energy
they need (heterotrophic)
• The main differences are that:
 animals are mobile and eat food
 fungi are immobile and absorb their food
(write these in your notes)
The protist kingdom, though also
eukaryotic, has little rhyme or
reason to it. It consists of mostly
single-celled organisms that don't
really fit in any of the other
kingdoms at all.
Which is a picture of a Plant?
NEXT QUESTION
Which is a picture of a Protist?
NEXT QUESTION
Which is a picture of an Animal?
NEXT QUESTION
Which is a picture of an Eubacteria?
NEXT QUESTION
Which is a picture of a Fungus?
FINISHED
Characteristics
Organism A
Organism B
Number of Cells
Multicellular
Unicellular
Type of Nutrition
Autotrophic
Heterotrophic
Nuclear membrane
Present
Absent
DNA
Present
Present
Based on the information in the chart,
which organism belongs to the
Kingdom Eubacteria?
1.
2.
3.
Parts of a Flower
3
9
5
6
11.
Stigma – (F) sticky top
Style – (F) slender stalk
Pistil – tube grown out of
ovary – pollen goes in to
4.
Petal – attracts insects
5.
Ovary – Female part makes ovules
6.
Ovule – (F) holds eggs
7.
Sepal –
protection/support
8.
Filament – (M) stalk
9.
Stamen – (M) produces
pollen that contains
sperm cells
10. Anther – (M) pollen sac
11. Pollen grains – contain
sperm cells
Pollination occurs when
pollen lands on a pistil,
sperm cells move down
through the ovary,
fertilizing the egg cells.